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Identification of critical components of wind turbines using FTA over the time

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  • Márquez, Fausto Pedro García
  • Pérez, Jesús María Pinar
  • Marugán, Alberto Pliego
  • Papaelias, Mayorkinos

Abstract

Wind energy is currently the most widely implemented renewable energy source in global scale. Complex industrial multi-MW wind turbines are continuously being installed both onshore and offshore. Projects involving utility-scale wind turbines require optimisation of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety, in order to guarantee the financial viability of large scale wind energy projects, particularly offshore, in the forthcoming years. For this reason, critical wind turbine components must be identified and monitored as cost-effectively, reliably and efficiently as possible. The condition of industrial wind turbines can be qualitatively evaluated through the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The quantitative analysis requires high computational cost. In this paper, the Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) method is proposed for reducing this computational cost. In order to optimise the BDD a set of ranking methods of events has been considered; Level, Top-Down-Left-Right, AND, Depth First Search and Breadth-First Search. A quantitative analysis approach in order to find a general solution of a Fault Tree (FT) is presented. An illustrative case study of a FT of a wind turbine based on different research studies has been developed. Finally, this FT has been solved dynamically through the BDD approach in order to highlight the identification of the critical components of the wind turbine under different conditions, employing the following heuristic methods: Birnbaum, Criticality, Structural and Fussell-Vesely. The results provided by this methodology allow the performance of novel maintenance planning from a quantitative point of view.

Suggested Citation

  • Márquez, Fausto Pedro García & Pérez, Jesús María Pinar & Marugán, Alberto Pliego & Papaelias, Mayorkinos, 2016. "Identification of critical components of wind turbines using FTA over the time," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P2), pages 869-883.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:87:y:2016:i:p2:p:869-883
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.09.038
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    4. Arcos Jiménez, Alfredo & Zhang, Long & Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2020. "Maintenance management based on Machine Learning and nonlinear features in wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 316-328.
    5. Huerta Herraiz, Álvaro & Pliego Marugán, Alberto & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2020. "Photovoltaic plant condition monitoring using thermal images analysis by convolutional neural network-based structure," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 334-348.
    6. Alfredo Arcos Jiménez & Carlos Quiterio Gómez Muñoz & Fausto Pedro García Márquez, 2017. "Machine Learning for Wind Turbine Blades Maintenance Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, December.
    7. Estefania Artigao & Sofia Koukoura & Andrés Honrubia-Escribano & James Carroll & Alasdair McDonald & Emilio Gómez-Lázaro, 2018. "Current Signature and Vibration Analyses to Diagnose an In-Service Wind Turbine Drive Train," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-18, April.
    8. Pliego Marugán, Alberto & Peco Chacón, Ana María & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2019. "Reliability analysis of detecting false alarms that employ neural networks: A real case study on wind turbines," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    9. de Novaes Pires Leite, Gustavo & da Cunha, Guilherme Tenório Maciel & dos Santos Junior, José Guilhermino & Araújo, Alex Maurício & Rosas, Pedro André Carvalho & Stosic, Tatijana & Stosic, Borko & Ros, 2021. "Alternative fault detection and diagnostic using information theory quantifiers based on vibration time-waveforms from condition monitoring systems: Application to operational wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1183-1194.
    10. Chiacchio, Ferdinando & D’Urso, Diego & Famoso, Fabio & Brusca, Sebastian & Aizpurua, Jose Ignacio & Catterson, Victoria M., 2018. "On the use of dynamic reliability for an accurate modelling of renewable power plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 605-621.
    11. Leite, Gustavo de Novaes Pires & Araújo, Alex Maurício & Rosas, Pedro André Carvalho, 2018. "Prognostic techniques applied to maintenance of wind turbines: a concise and specific review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 1917-1925.
    12. Kang, Jichuan & Sun, Liping & Guedes Soares, C., 2019. "Fault Tree Analysis of floating offshore wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 1455-1467.
    13. Ferdinando Chiacchio & Fabio Famoso & Diego D’Urso & Sebastian Brusca & Jose Ignacio Aizpurua & Luca Cedola, 2018. "Dynamic Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Power Plant by Stochastic Hybrid Fault Tree Automaton Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-22, January.
    14. Artigao, Estefania & Martín-Martínez, Sergio & Honrubia-Escribano, Andrés & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio, 2018. "Wind turbine reliability: A comprehensive review towards effective condition monitoring development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1569-1583.
    15. Jiménez, Alfredo Arcos & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro & Moraleda, Victoria Borja & Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio, 2019. "Linear and nonlinear features and machine learning for wind turbine blade ice detection and diagnosis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1034-1048.
    16. Alberto Pliego Marugán & Fausto Pedro García Márquez & Jesús María Pinar Pérez, 2016. "Optimal Maintenance Management of Offshore Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-20, January.
    17. Krzysztof Boryczko & Dawid Szpak & Jakub Żywiec & Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak, 2022. "The Use of a Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) in the Operator Reliability Assessment of the Critical Infrastructure on the Example of Water Supply System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, June.
    18. Tziavos, Nikolaos I. & Hemida, H. & Dirar, S. & Papaelias, M. & Metje, N. & Baniotopoulos, C., 2020. "Structural health monitoring of grouted connections for offshore wind turbines by means of acoustic emission: An experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 130-140.
    19. Fausto Pedro García Márquez & Alberto Pliego Marugán & Jesús María Pinar Pérez & Stuart Hillmansen & Mayorkinos Papaelias, 2017. "Optimal Dynamic Analysis of Electrical/Electronic Components in Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, July.
    20. Wang, Jinhe & Zhang, Xiaohong & Zeng, Jianchao & Zhang, Yunzheng, 2020. "Joint external and internal opportunistic optimisation for wind turbine considering wind velocity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 380-398.
    21. Yang, Wenguang & Liu, Chao & Jiang, Dongxiang, 2018. "An unsupervised spatiotemporal graphical modeling approach for wind turbine condition monitoring," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 230-241.
    22. Bhardwaj, U. & Teixeira, A.P. & Soares, C. Guedes, 2019. "Reliability prediction of an offshore wind turbine gearbox," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 693-706.
    23. Li, Yanting & Jiang, Wenbo & Zhang, Guangyao & Shu, Lianjie, 2021. "Wind turbine fault diagnosis based on transfer learning and convolutional autoencoder with small-scale data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 103-115.

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