IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v132y2019icp1034-1048.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Linear and nonlinear features and machine learning for wind turbine blade ice detection and diagnosis

Author

Listed:
  • Jiménez, Alfredo Arcos
  • García Márquez, Fausto Pedro
  • Moraleda, Victoria Borja
  • Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio

Abstract

The mass of ice on wind turbines blades is one of the main problems that energy companies have in cold climates. This paper presents a novel approach to detect and classify ice thickness based on pattern recognition through guided ultrasonic waves and Machine Learning. To successfully achieve a supervised classification, it is necessary to employ a method that allows the correct extraction and selection of features of the ultrasonic signal. The main novelty in this work is that the approach considers four feature extraction methods to validate the results, grouped by linear (AutoRegressive (AR) and Principal Component Analysis) and nonlinear (nonlinear-AR eXogenous and Hierarchical Non-Linear Principal Component Analysis), and feature selection is done by Neighbourhood Component Analysis. A supervised classification was performed through Machine Learning with twenty classifiers such as Decision tree, Discriminant Analysis, Support Vector Machines, K-Nearest Neighbours, and Ensemble Classifiers. Finally, an evaluation of the classifiers was done in single frequency and multi-frequency modes, obtaining accurate results.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiménez, Alfredo Arcos & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro & Moraleda, Victoria Borja & Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio, 2019. "Linear and nonlinear features and machine learning for wind turbine blade ice detection and diagnosis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1034-1048.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:132:y:2019:i:c:p:1034-1048
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.050
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148118310000
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.050?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mahmoud, Tawfek & Dong, Z.Y. & Ma, Jin, 2018. "An advanced approach for optimal wind power generation prediction intervals by using self-adaptive evolutionary extreme learning machine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 254-269.
    2. Papaelias, Mayorkinos & Cheng, Liang & Kogia, Maria & Mohimi, Abbas & Kappatos, Vassilios & Selcuk, Cem & Constantinou, Louis & Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio Gómez & Marquez, Fausto Pedro Garcia & Gan, Tat-H, 2016. "Inspection and Structural Health Monitoring techniques for Concentrated Solar Power plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 1178-1191.
    3. Kraj, Andrea G. & Bibeau, Eric L., 2010. "Phases of icing on wind turbine blades characterized by ice accumulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 966-972.
    4. Alberto Pliego Marugán & Fausto Pedro García Márquez & Benjamin Lev, 2017. "Optimal decision-making via binary decision diagrams for investments under a risky environment," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(18), pages 5271-5286, September.
    5. Zanon, Alessandro & De Gennaro, Michele & Kühnelt, Helmut, 2018. "Wind energy harnessing of the NREL 5 MW reference wind turbine in icing conditions under different operational strategies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 760-772.
    6. Haselbach, P.U. & Bitsche, R.D. & Branner, K., 2016. "The effect of delaminations on local buckling in wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 295-305.
    7. Márquez, Fausto Pedro García & Pérez, Jesús María Pinar & Marugán, Alberto Pliego & Papaelias, Mayorkinos, 2016. "Identification of critical components of wind turbines using FTA over the time," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P2), pages 869-883.
    8. Lee, Jae-Kyung & Park, Joon-Young & Oh, Ki-Yong & Ju, Seung-Hwan & Lee, Jun-Shin, 2015. "Transformation algorithm of wind turbine blade moment signals for blade condition monitoring," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 209-218.
    9. Rezaei, Mohammad M. & Behzad, Mehdi & Moradi, Hamed & Haddadpour, Hassan, 2016. "Modal-based damage identification for the nonlinear model of modern wind turbine blade," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 391-409.
    10. Song, Zhe & Zhang, Zijun & Jiang, Yu & Zhu, Jin, 2018. "Wind turbine health state monitoring based on a Bayesian data-driven approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 172-181.
    11. Alberto Pliego Marugán & Fausto Pedro García Márquez & Jesús María Pinar Pérez, 2016. "Optimal Maintenance Management of Offshore Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-20, January.
    12. Jaunet, V. & Braud, C., 2018. "Experiments on lift dynamics and feedback control of a wind turbine blade section," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 65-78.
    13. Meng, Hang & Lien, Fue-Sang & Li, Li, 2018. "Elastic actuator line modelling for wake-induced fatigue analysis of horizontal axis wind turbine blade," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 423-437.
    14. Zeng, Jing & Song, Bingliang, 2017. "Research on experiment and numerical simulation of ultrasonic de-icing for wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 706-712.
    15. Zuo, Yangjie & Montesano, John & Singh, Chandra Veer, 2018. "Assessing progressive failure in long wind turbine blades under quasi-static and cyclic loads," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 754-766.
    16. Esu, O.O. & Lloyd, S.D. & Flint, J.A. & Watson, S.J., 2016. "Feasibility of a fully autonomous wireless monitoring system for a wind turbine blade," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 89-96.
    17. Fausto Pedro García Márquez & Alberto Pliego Marugán & Jesús María Pinar Pérez & Stuart Hillmansen & Mayorkinos Papaelias, 2017. "Optimal Dynamic Analysis of Electrical/Electronic Components in Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, July.
    18. Ruiz de la Hermosa González-Carrato, Raúl & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro & Dimlaye, Vichaar, 2015. "Maintenance management of wind turbines structures via MFCs and wavelet transforms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 472-482.
    19. Afshar, Karim & Ghiasvand, Farshad Shamsini & Bigdeli, Nooshin, 2018. "Optimal bidding strategy of wind power producers in pay-as-bid power markets," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 575-586.
    20. Zhang, Sufang, 2012. "International competitiveness of China's wind turbine manufacturing industry and implications for future development," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3903-3909.
    21. Martinez-Luengo, Maria & Kolios, Athanasios & Wang, Lin, 2016. "Structural health monitoring of offshore wind turbines: A review through the Statistical Pattern Recognition Paradigm," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 91-105.
    22. Tang, Jialin & Soua, Slim & Mares, Cristinel & Gan, Tat-Hean, 2016. "An experimental study of acoustic emission methodology for in service condition monitoring of wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 170-179.
    23. Wang, Zhenjun & Xu, Yuanming & Su, Fei & Wang, Yibing, 2016. "A light lithium niobate transducer for the ultrasonic de-icing of wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 1299-1305.
    24. Habibi, Hossein & Cheng, Liang & Zheng, Haitao & Kappatos, Vassilios & Selcuk, Cem & Gan, Tat-Hean, 2015. "A dual de-icing system for wind turbine blades combining high-power ultrasonic guided waves and low-frequency forced vibrations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 859-870.
    25. García Márquez, Fausto Pedro & Tobias, Andrew Mark & Pinar Pérez, Jesús María & Papaelias, Mayorkinos, 2012. "Condition monitoring of wind turbines: Techniques and methods," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 169-178.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dong, Xinghui & Gao, Di & Li, Jia & Jincao, Zhang & Zheng, Kai, 2020. "Blades icing identification model of wind turbines based on SCADA data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 575-586.
    2. Yang, Xiyun & Zhang, Yanfeng & Lv, Wei & Wang, Dong, 2021. "Image recognition of wind turbine blade damage based on a deep learning model with transfer learning and an ensemble learning classifier," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 386-397.
    3. Guo, Peng & Infield, David, 2021. "Wind turbine blade icing detection with multi-model collaborative monitoring method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1098-1105.
    4. Mohamed Benbouzid & Tarek Berghout & Nur Sarma & Siniša Djurović & Yueqi Wu & Xiandong Ma, 2021. "Intelligent Condition Monitoring of Wind Power Systems: State of the Art Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-33, September.
    5. Tao, Tao & Liu, Yongqian & Qiao, Yanhui & Gao, Linyue & Lu, Jiaoyang & Zhang, Ce & Wang, Yu, 2021. "Wind turbine blade icing diagnosis using hybrid features and Stacked-XGBoost algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 1004-1013.
    6. Bai, Xinjian & Tao, Tao & Gao, Linyue & Tao, Cheng & Liu, Yongqian, 2023. "Wind turbine blade icing diagnosis using RFECV-TSVM pseudo-sample processing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 412-419.
    7. Arcos Jiménez, Alfredo & Zhang, Long & Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2020. "Maintenance management based on Machine Learning and nonlinear features in wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 316-328.
    8. Huerta Herraiz, Álvaro & Pliego Marugán, Alberto & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2020. "Photovoltaic plant condition monitoring using thermal images analysis by convolutional neural network-based structure," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 334-348.
    9. García Márquez, Fausto Pedro & Peco Chacón, Ana María, 2020. "A review of non-destructive testing on wind turbines blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 998-1010.
    10. Pliego Marugán, Alberto & Peco Chacón, Ana María & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2019. "Reliability analysis of detecting false alarms that employ neural networks: A real case study on wind turbines," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    11. Wang, Zixuan & Qin, Bo & Sun, Haiyue & Zhang, Jian & Butala, Mark D. & Demartino, Cristoforo & Peng, Peng & Wang, Hongwei, 2023. "An imbalanced semi-supervised wind turbine blade icing detection method based on contrastive learning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 251-262.
    12. Nathan Oaks Farrar & Mohd Hasan Ali & Dipankar Dasgupta, 2023. "Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Grid Connected Wind Turbine Control Systems: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-25, February.
    13. Pang, Yanhua & He, Qun & Jiang, Guoqian & Xie, Ping, 2020. "Spatio-temporal fusion neural network for multi-class fault diagnosis of wind turbines based on SCADA data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 510-524.
    14. Zhou, Yuekuan & Zheng, Siqian & Zhang, Guoqiang, 2020. "Machine-learning based study on the on-site renewable electrical performance of an optimal hybrid PCMs integrated renewable system with high-level parameters’ uncertainties," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 403-418.
    15. Tao, Cheng & Tao, Tao & He, Shukai & Bai, Xinjian & Liu, Yongqian, 2024. "Wind turbine blade icing diagnosis using B-SMOTE-Bi-GRU and RFE combined with icing mechanism," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    16. Khazaee, Meghdad & Derian, Pierre & Mouraud, Anthony, 2022. "A comprehensive study on Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of wind turbine blades by instrumenting tower using machine learning methods," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 1568-1579.
    17. Cheng, Xu & Shi, Fan & Liu, Yongping & Liu, Xiufeng & Huang, Lizhen, 2022. "Wind turbine blade icing detection: a federated learning approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PC).
    18. Ana María Peco Chacón & Isaac Segovia Ramírez & Fausto Pedro García Márquez, 2020. "False Alarms Analysis of Wind Turbine Bearing System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-11, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Pliego Marugán, Alberto & Peco Chacón, Ana María & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2019. "Reliability analysis of detecting false alarms that employ neural networks: A real case study on wind turbines," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    2. Arcos Jiménez, Alfredo & Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2019. "Dirt and mud detection and diagnosis on a wind turbine blade employing guided waves and supervised learning classifiers," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 2-12.
    3. García Márquez, Fausto Pedro & Peco Chacón, Ana María, 2020. "A review of non-destructive testing on wind turbines blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 998-1010.
    4. Marugán, Alberto Pliego & Márquez, Fausto Pedro García & Perez, Jesus María Pinar & Ruiz-Hernández, Diego, 2018. "A survey of artificial neural network in wind energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1822-1836.
    5. Jijian Lian & Ou Cai & Xiaofeng Dong & Qi Jiang & Yue Zhao, 2019. "Health Monitoring and Safety Evaluation of the Offshore Wind Turbine Structure: A Review and Discussion of Future Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-29, January.
    6. Huerta Herraiz, Álvaro & Pliego Marugán, Alberto & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2020. "Photovoltaic plant condition monitoring using thermal images analysis by convolutional neural network-based structure," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 334-348.
    7. Ma, Liqun & Zhang, Zichen & Gao, Linyue & Liu, Yang & Hu, Hui, 2020. "An exploratory study on using Slippery-Liquid-Infused-Porous-Surface (SLIPS) for wind turbine icing mitigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 2344-2360.
    8. Arcos Jiménez, Alfredo & Zhang, Long & Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2020. "Maintenance management based on Machine Learning and nonlinear features in wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 316-328.
    9. Kaewniam, Panida & Cao, Maosen & Alkayem, Nizar Faisal & Li, Dayang & Manoach, Emil, 2022. "Recent advances in damage detection of wind turbine blades: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    10. Segovia Ramírez, Isaac & Pliego Marugán, Alberto & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro, 2022. "A novel approach to optimize the positioning and measurement parameters in photovoltaic aerial inspections," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 371-389.
    11. Dong, Xinghui & Gao, Di & Li, Jia & Jincao, Zhang & Zheng, Kai, 2020. "Blades icing identification model of wind turbines based on SCADA data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 575-586.
    12. Tziavos, Nikolaos I. & Hemida, H. & Dirar, S. & Papaelias, M. & Metje, N. & Baniotopoulos, C., 2020. "Structural health monitoring of grouted connections for offshore wind turbines by means of acoustic emission: An experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 130-140.
    13. Fausto Pedro García Márquez & Alberto Pliego Marugán & Jesús María Pinar Pérez & Stuart Hillmansen & Mayorkinos Papaelias, 2017. "Optimal Dynamic Analysis of Electrical/Electronic Components in Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, July.
    14. Wenjie Wang & Yu Xue & Chengkuan He & Yongnian Zhao, 2022. "Review of the Typical Damage and Damage-Detection Methods of Large Wind Turbine Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-31, August.
    15. Pliego Marugán, Alberto & García Márquez, Fausto Pedro & Pinar Pérez, Jesús María, 2022. "A techno-economic model for avoiding conflicts of interest between owners of offshore wind farms and maintenance suppliers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    16. Wang, Yibing & Xu, Yuanming & Su, Fei, 2020. "Damage accumulation model of ice detach behavior in ultrasonic de-icing technology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 1396-1405.
    17. Zhou, H.F. & Zheng, J.F. & Xie, Z.L. & Lu, L.J. & Ni, Y.Q. & Ko, J.M., 2017. "Temperature effects on vision measurement system in long-term continuous monitoring of displacement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 968-983.
    18. Chandrasekhar, Kartik & Stevanovic, Nevena & Cross, Elizabeth J. & Dervilis, Nikolaos & Worden, Keith, 2021. "Damage detection in operational wind turbine blades using a new approach based on machine learning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 1249-1264.
    19. Artigao, Estefania & Martín-Martínez, Sergio & Honrubia-Escribano, Andrés & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio, 2018. "Wind turbine reliability: A comprehensive review towards effective condition monitoring development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1569-1583.
    20. Kang, Jichuan & Sun, Liping & Guedes Soares, C., 2019. "Fault Tree Analysis of floating offshore wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 1455-1467.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:132:y:2019:i:c:p:1034-1048. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.