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Cu/Ni composite electrodes for increased anodic coulombic efficiency and electrode operation time in a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery for converting low-grade waste heat into electricity

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  • Shi, Yu
  • Zhang, Liang
  • Li, Jun
  • Fu, Qian
  • Zhu, Xun
  • Liao, Qiang
  • Zhang, Yongsheng

Abstract

A Cu/Ni composite electrode is proposed for increasing the anodic coulombic efficiency and electrode operation time in thermally regenerative ammonia batteries (TRABs) used for converting low-grade waste heat into electrical power. The performance of a TRAB employing a Cu/Ni composite electrode (TRAB-Cu/Ni) is comparably studied, and the effects of the electroplating conditions are investigated. In comparison to the TRAB-Cu system, TRAB-Cu/Ni achieves similar maximum power (6.5 mW), but increased anodic coulombic efficiency (94%) and a significantly extended electrode operation time (>55 h). During electroplating, the structure of the composite electrode is influenced by the electroplating time and the concentrations of HEDP and Cu2+ in the electroplating baths. Optimal electroplating conditions for achieving maximum power (electroplating time of 60 min, HEDP concentration of 0.48 M, and Cu2+ concentration of 0.06 M) are also identified.

Suggested Citation

  • Shi, Yu & Zhang, Liang & Li, Jun & Fu, Qian & Zhu, Xun & Liao, Qiang & Zhang, Yongsheng, 2020. "Cu/Ni composite electrodes for increased anodic coulombic efficiency and electrode operation time in a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery for converting low-grade waste heat into electricity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 162-171.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:159:y:2020:i:c:p:162-171
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.05.147
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    1. Shi, Yu & Li, Yanxiang & Zhang, Liang & Li, Jun & Fu, Qian & Zhu, Xun & Liao, Qiang, 2022. "Development of a membrane-less microfluidic thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery towards small-scale low-grade thermal energy recovery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    2. Shi, Yu & An, Yichao & Tang, Zhiqiang & Zhang, Liang & Li, Jun & Fu, Qian & Zhu, Xun & Liao, Qiang, 2022. "Electrical power production of thermally regenerative ammonia-based batteries using reduced graphene oxide modified Ni foam composite electrodes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    3. Tang, Xin & Li, Guiqiang & Zhao, Xudong, 2021. "Effect of air gap on a novel hybrid photovoltaic/thermal and thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).

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