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Aerodynamic performance improvement of wind turbine blade by cavity shape optimization

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  • Fatehi, Mostafa
  • Nili-Ahmadabadi, Mahdi
  • Nematollahi, Omid
  • Minaiean, Ali
  • Kim, Kyung Chun

Abstract

Many conventional airfoils, despite a good performance at their design points, get out of optimal conditions outside the design points. One passive way to enhance the airfoil performance is to use a cavity with an optimized shape. In this study, Riso_B1_18 airfoil, having a remarkable aerodynamic performance for wind turbine blades, is selected as a substrate for deploying an optimized cavity on the airfoil. For shape optimization of a cavity, its shape and downstream suction surface are parametrized to reach an optimum lift-to-drag ratio as the target function by using the genetic algorithm. The results of transient numerical solution indicate that the optimized cavity is well capable of draping vortex to control the stall margin, prevent flow fluctuations and significantly increase the lift-to-drag ratio at off-design conditions. To validate the performance improvement obtained from this numerical optimization, a force measurement setup is accomplished in a wind tunnel with 30 × 30 cm2 test section to measure the lift and drag forces of the Riso airfoil with and without optimized cavity. The experimental results shows that the lift-to-drag ratio increases 31% at AOA = 14° and 57% at AOA = 20° due to using the optimized cavity.

Suggested Citation

  • Fatehi, Mostafa & Nili-Ahmadabadi, Mahdi & Nematollahi, Omid & Minaiean, Ali & Kim, Kyung Chun, 2019. "Aerodynamic performance improvement of wind turbine blade by cavity shape optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 773-785.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:132:y:2019:i:c:p:773-785
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.047
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Cemil Yigit, 2020. "Effect of Air-Ducted Blade Design on Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Javaid, M. Tariq & Sajjad, Umar & Saddam ul Hassan, Syed & Nasir, Sheharyar & Shahid, M. Usman & Ali, Awais & Salamat, Shuaib, 2023. "Power enhancement of vertical axis wind turbine using optimum trapped vortex cavity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    3. Jordi, Zavala J. & Erasmo, Cadenas & Rafael, Campos-Amezcua, 2024. "Multi-criteria optimal design of small wind turbine blades based on deep learning methods," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    4. Dominik Błoński & Katarzyna Strzelecka & Henryk Kudela, 2021. "Vortex Trapping Cavity on Airfoil: High-Order Penalized Vortex Method Numerical Simulation and Water Tunnel Experimental Investigation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-32, December.
    5. Liu, Qingsong & Miao, Weipao & Ye, Qi & Li, Chun, 2022. "Performance assessment of an innovative Gurney flap for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1124-1138.
    6. Sang-Lae Lee & SangJoon Shin, 2020. "Wind Turbine Blade Optimal Design Considering Multi-Parameters and Response Surface Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-23, April.

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