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Geopolymer composites for the catalytic cleaning of tar in biomass-derived gas

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  • Bendoni, R.
  • Miccio, F.
  • Medri, V.
  • Benito, P.
  • Vaccari, A.
  • Landi, E.

Abstract

A novel application of geopolymers for the catalytic cleaning of biomass-derived syngas is reported. Powders of metal oxides, i.e. Fe2O3 and Mn2O3, were dispersed in a geopolymer matrix, to produce composites in granular form for fixed bed application. Additionally, a mixed Fe/Mn composite was produced to explore the combined effects of the two oxides. The activity of the new catalysts was investigated in real gasification conditions by means of a double fixed bed reactor, at 700, 800 and 900 °C. All the systems promoted an appreciable tar removal, while FE-SEM and MIP analyses demonstrated their stability at the process conditions. The best performances were obtained using the composite including both Mn and Fe oxides, which registered a tar decomposition up to 86% compared to inert sand, and 50% compared to olivine. A reasonable explanation was provided by TPR and XRD analyses, which pointed out an easier reducibility of this system.

Suggested Citation

  • Bendoni, R. & Miccio, F. & Medri, V. & Benito, P. & Vaccari, A. & Landi, E., 2019. "Geopolymer composites for the catalytic cleaning of tar in biomass-derived gas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 1107-1116.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:131:y:2019:i:c:p:1107-1116
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.067
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    1. Devi, Lopamudra & Ptasinski, Krzysztof J. & Janssen, Frans J.J.G. & van Paasen, Sander V.B. & Bergman, Patrick C.A. & Kiel, Jacob H.A., 2005. "Catalytic decomposition of biomass tars: use of dolomite and untreated olivine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 565-587.
    2. Miccio, Francesco & Natali Murri, Annalisa & Landi, Elena, 2017. "Synthesis and characterization of geopolymer oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 136-147.
    3. Shen, Yafei & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2013. "Recent progresses in catalytic tar elimination during biomass gasification or pyrolysis—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 371-392.
    4. Li, Chunshan & Suzuki, Kenzi, 2009. "Tar property, analysis, reforming mechanism and model for biomass gasification--An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 594-604, April.
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    1. Čespiva, Jakub & Wnukowski, Mateusz & Niedzwiecki, Lukasz & Skřínský, Jan & Vereš, Ján & Ochodek, Tadeáš & Pawlak-Kruczek, Halina & Borovec, Karel, 2020. "Characterization of tars from a novel, pilot scale, biomass gasifier working under low equivalence ratio regime," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 775-785.

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