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Francis turbine draft tube parameterization and analysis of performance characteristics using CFD techniques

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  • Arispe, Tania M.
  • de Oliveira, Waldir
  • Ramirez, Ramiro G.

Abstract

The present paper focuses on the parameterization of the draft tube elbow based on the initial geometry of the GAMM Francis turbine model. The goal was to obtain a draft tube geometry that improves the hydrodynamic performance. For this purpose, CFD analyzes were carried out, considering the GAMM Francis turbine pre-distributor, distributor and rotor geometry, and different parameterized draft tube geometries. Related to the draft tube parameterization methodology, it has modified the generatrix geometry of the elbow that defines its contour. Three types of curves were used to define the elbow contour geometry: logarithmic spiral format curve, circle arc format curve and denominated hyperbolic spiral curve. These curves and their combinations were used to define the elbow contour in the longitudinal plane, resulted in four draft tubes geometries. The numerical results were compared with experimental results, showing good conformity. The efficiency of the Francis turbine was higher for the four draft tubes of this work than the original draft tube GAMM Francis turbine. Therefore, it was found that the draft tube in hyperbolic-logarithmic spiral format has the highest efficiency and the draft tube in logarithmic spiral format has the lowest loss coefficient. Consequently the hydrodynamic performance have been discussed in this work.

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  • Arispe, Tania M. & de Oliveira, Waldir & Ramirez, Ramiro G., 2018. "Francis turbine draft tube parameterization and analysis of performance characteristics using CFD techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 114-124.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:127:y:2018:i:c:p:114-124
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.04.055
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhou, Xing & Hu, Xinyi & Huang, Quanshui & Wu, Hegao & Tang, Xiaodan & Cervantes, Michel J., 2024. "Optimization design of an innovative francis draft tube: Insight into improving operational flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    2. Daniels, S.J. & Rahat, A.A.M. & Tabor, G.R. & Fieldsend, J.E. & Everson, R.M., 2020. "Shape optimisation of the sharp-heeled Kaplan draft tube: Performance evaluation using Computational Fluid Dynamics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 112-126.
    3. Arthur Favrel & Nak-joong Lee & Tatsuya Irie & Kazuyoshi Miyagawa, 2021. "Design of Experiments Applied to Francis Turbine Draft Tube to Minimize Pressure Pulsations and Energy Losses in Off-Design Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-25, June.
    4. Zhou, Xing & Shi, Changzheng & Miyagawa, Kazuyoshi & Wu, Hegao, 2021. "Effect of modified draft tube with inclined conical diffuser on flow instabilities in Francis turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 606-617.
    5. Muhirwa, Alexis & Cai, Wei-Hua & Su, Wen-Tao & Liu, Quanzhong & Binama, Maxime & Li, Biao & Wu, Jian, 2020. "A review on remedial attempts to counteract the power generation compromise from draft tubes of hydropower plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 743-764.
    6. Adnan Aslam Noon & Man-Hoe Kim, 2021. "Sediment and Cavitation Erosion in Francis Turbines—Review of Latest Experimental and Numerical Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.
    7. Binama, Maxime & Kan, Kan & Chen, Hui-Xiang & Zheng, Yuan & Zhou, Daqing & Su, Wen-Tao & Muhirwa, Alexis & Ntayomba, James, 2021. "Flow instability transferability characteristics within a reversible pump turbine (RPT) under large guide vane opening (GVO)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 285-307.
    8. Ivana Lučin & Ante Sikirica & Marija Šiško Kuliš & Zoran Čarija, 2022. "Investigation of Efficient Optimization Approach to the Modernization of Francis Turbine Draft Tube Geometry," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(21), pages 1-22, November.
    9. Nedaei, Mojtaba & Walsh, Philip R., 2022. "Technical performance evaluation and optimization of a run-of-river hydropower facility," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 343-362.
    10. Nirmal Acharya & Saroj Gautam & Sailesh Chitrakar & Chirag Trivedi & Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug, 2021. "Leakage Vortex Progression through a Guide Vane’s Clearance Gap and the Resulting Pressure Fluctuation in a Francis Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-19, July.
    11. Zhou, Xing & Wu, Hegao & Cheng, Li & Huang, Quanshui & Shi, Changzheng, 2023. "A new draft tube shape optimisation methodology of introducing inclined conical diffuser in hydraulic turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    12. Li, Huanhuan & Xu, Beibei & Riasi, Alireza & Szulc, Przemyslaw & Chen, Diyi & M'zoughi, Fares & Skjelbred, Hans Ivar & Kong, Jiehong & Tazraei, Pedram, 2019. "Performance evaluation in enabling safety for a hydropower generation system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1628-1642.

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