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Ashes from co-combustion of coal and biomass: New industrial wastes

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  • Kalembkiewicz, Jan
  • Chmielarz, Urszula

Abstract

Biomass, one of renewable energy sources, is an alternative to fossil fuels, which is used on an industrial scale. The waste products of its co-combustion with coal in the form of ash of unknown composition are a new source of heavy metals. This article based on the most recent literature shows the characteristics of fly ash produced in the process of direct co-combustion in relation to physical and chemical properties (bulk density, grain shape and size, pH, loss on ignition, pozzolanic properties, melting temperature, deposition propensity, mineralogical characteristics), chemical composition (metals: Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Hg, Pb; non-metals: Si, P, S, Cl, F, Se), metal leaching and methods for their examination.

Suggested Citation

  • Kalembkiewicz, Jan & Chmielarz, Urszula, 2012. "Ashes from co-combustion of coal and biomass: New industrial wastes," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 109-121.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:69:y:2012:i:c:p:109-121
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.09.010
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Leonel J. R. Nunes & Liliana M. E. F. Loureiro & Letícia C. R. Sá & Hugo F. C. Silva, 2020. "Waste Recovery through Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: A Case Study with Several Portuguese Agroforestry By-Products," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 2(3), pages 1-15, September.
    3. Leonel J. R. Nunes, 2020. "Torrefied Biomass as an Alternative in Coal-Fueled Power Plants: A Case Study on Grindability of Agroforestry Waste Forms," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 2(3), pages 1-20, July.

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