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Evaluating the impacts of transit-oriented developments (TODs) on household transportation expenditures in California

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  • Dong, Hongwei

Abstract

This study evaluates the impact of transit-oriented development (TOD) on household transportation expenditures in California by comparing TOD households with two groups of control households that are identified by propensity score matching. When controlling for household demographics, TOD households own fewer and more fuel-efficient cars, drive fewer miles, and use transit more. On average, they save $1232 per year on transportation expenditures than non-TOD households with similar demographics, accounting for 18% of their total annual transportation expenditures. When controlling for both demographics and neighborhood environment, TOD households still own slightly fewer and more fuel-efficient cars and use transit more. But they drive similar amount of miles as non-TOD households do. TOD households save $429 per year on transportation expenditures than non-TOD households with similar demographics and neighborhood environment, accounting for about 6% of their total annual transportation expenditures. TOD households save money on transportation costs mainly because they own fewer cars than non-TOD households. About two thirds of the savings can be attributed to transit-friendly neighborhood environment and one third to their access to rail transit, suggesting the importance of integrating a rail transit system with supportive land use planning and neighborhood design.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong, Hongwei, 2021. "Evaluating the impacts of transit-oriented developments (TODs) on household transportation expenditures in California," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:90:y:2021:i:c:s0966692320310231
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102946
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    Cited by:

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    2. Qiaoling Fang & Tomo Inoue & Dongqi Li & Qiang Liu & Jian Ma, 2023. "Transit-Oriented Development and Sustainable Cities: A Visual Analysis of the Literature Based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-18, May.
    3. Wei Wu & Prasanna Divigalpitiya, 2022. "Assessment of Accessibility and Activity Intensity to Identify Future Development Priority TODs in Hefei City," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, September.
    4. Su, Shiliang & Wang, Zhuolun & Li, Bozhao & Kang, Mengjun, 2022. "Deciphering the influence of TOD on metro ridership: An integrated approach of extended node-place model and interpretable machine learning with planning implications," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    5. Ridho Masruri Irsal & Hayati Sari Hasibuan & Sylvira Ananda Azwar, 2022. "Spatial Modeling for Residential Optimization in Dukuh Atas Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Area, Jakarta, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    6. Su, Shiliang & Zhao, Chong & Zhou, Hao & Li, Bozhao & Kang, Mengjun, 2022. "Unraveling the relative contribution of TOD structural factors to metro ridership: A novel localized modeling approach with implications on spatial planning," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    7. Shi, Kunbo & Shao, Rui & De Vos, Jonas & Cheng, Long & Witlox, Frank, 2021. "Is e-shopping likely to reduce shopping trips for car owners? A propensity score matching analysis," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    8. Xu, Lu & Saphores, Jean-Daniel, 2024. "Does e-shopping impact household travel? Evidence from the 2017 U.S. NHTS," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).

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