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Diesel–hydrogen dual-fuel combustion and its impact on unregulated gaseous emissions and particulate emissions under different engine loads and engine speeds

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  • Zhou, J.H.
  • Cheung, C.S.
  • Zhao, W.Z.
  • Leung, C.W.

Abstract

Experimental investigations were conducted on a diesel engine to evaluate the effects of hydrogen addition on engine combustion, unregulated gaseous emissions and particulate emissions based on the Japanese 13-mode testing cycle. A diesel–hydrogen co-operated combustion strategy is proposed in which hydrogen is naturally aspirated into the diesel engine to substitute 10, 20 and 30% of the total fuel energy at 10 selected modes and diesel is used as the sole fuel for the other 3 modes. Gradual increase of peak in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate is observed at medium and high engine loads. Pre-ignition might occur at high engine load and speed. Cyclic variation of the indicated mean effective pressure and maximum pressure derivative increased with hydrogen addition. The brake specific emissions of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), alkenes (C2H4, C3H6 and C4H6), arenes (C6H6, C7H8 and C8H10) and particulate mass can be evidently reduced. However, with H30 operation, the weighted total HC and formaldehyde (HCHO) increased by around 27% and 8%, respectively, while NOx increased by around 17%. The simultaneous decrease of particle size and number are believed to be associated with the inhibition effect of hydrogen on soot particle formation based on the HACA (H2 abstraction and C2H2 addition) mechanism.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, J.H. & Cheung, C.S. & Zhao, W.Z. & Leung, C.W., 2016. "Diesel–hydrogen dual-fuel combustion and its impact on unregulated gaseous emissions and particulate emissions under different engine loads and engine speeds," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 110-123.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:94:y:2016:i:c:p:110-123
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.105
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. Hussein A. Mahmood & Nor Mariah. Adam & B. B. Sahari & S. U. Masuri, 2017. "New Design of a CNG-H 2 -AIR Mixer for Internal Combustion Engines: An Experimental and Numerical Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-27, September.
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    9. Hoseini, S.S. & Najafi, G. & Ghobadian, B. & Rahimi, A. & Yusaf, Talal & Mamat, Rizalman & Sidik, N.A.C. & Azmi, W.H., 2017. "Effects of biodiesel fuel obtained from Salvia macrosiphon oil (ultrasonic-assisted) on performance and emissions of diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 289-296.
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    11. Serrano, J. & Jiménez-Espadafor, F.J. & López, A., 2019. "Analysis of the effect of different hydrogen/diesel ratios on the performance and emissions of a modified compression ignition engine under dual-fuel mode with water injection. Hydrogen-diesel dual-fu," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 702-711.
    12. Yang, Zhenzhong & Zhang, Fu & Wang, Lijun & Wang, Kaixin & Zhang, Donghui, 2018. "Effects of injection mode on the mixture formation and combustion performance of the hydrogen internal combustion engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 715-728.
    13. George Mallouppas & Elias A. Yfantis & Charalambos Frantzis & Theodoros Zannis & Petros G. Savva, 2022. "The Effect of Hydrogen Addition on the Pollutant Emissions of a Marine Internal Combustion Engine Genset," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-13, September.
    14. Djouadi, Amel & Bentahar, Fatiha, 2016. "Combustion study of a spark-ignition engine from pressure cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 211-217.
    15. Muthukumar, K. & Kasiraman, G., 2024. "Utilization of fuel energy from single-use Low-density polyethylene plastic waste on CI engine with hydrogen enrichment – An experimental study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    16. Charalambos Frantzis & Theodoros Zannis & Petros G. Savva & Elias Ar. Yfantis, 2022. "A Review on Experimental Studies Investigating the Effect of Hydrogen Supplementation in CI Diesel Engines—The Case of HYMAR," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-17, August.
    17. Yilmaz, I.T. & Gumus, M., 2018. "Effects of hydrogen addition to the intake air on performance and emissions of common rail diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 1104-1113.
    18. Serrano, J. & Jiménez-Espadafor, F.J. & López, A., 2019. "Analysis of the effect of the hydrogen as main fuel on the performance of a modified compression ignition engine with water injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 911-925.
    19. Park, Sangjun & Cho, Jungkeun & Park, Jungsoo & Song, Soonho, 2017. "Numerical study of the performance and NOx emission of a diesel-methanol dual-fuel engine using multi-objective Pareto optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 272-283.

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