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The effect of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) as the electrode ionomer for self-humidifying nanocomposite proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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  • Rahnavard, Aylin
  • Rowshanzamir, Soosan
  • Parnian, Mohammad Javad
  • Amirkhanlou, Gholam Reza

Abstract

As the electrode ionomer is a key component of the catalyst layer, the introduction of new electrode ionomer would have a significant effect on cell performance. In addition, the content of ionomer in the catalyst electrodes is one of the most important factors to determine Pt catalyst utilization. In this study, SPEEK (sulfonated poly ether ether ketone) was used as ionomer in the electrodes, and the influence of different ionomer content (15, 25 and 35 wt. %) on the electrodes was investigated. Furthermore, different content of platinum (0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mg. cm−2) was used for the electrode preparation. The degree of sulfonation of SPEEK was determined about 66%. RSM (response surface methodology) was used to arrange the experiments. CV (cyclic voltammetry) experiments were performed to calculate EPSA (electrode platinum surface area) and Pt catalyst utilization. The cyclic voltammetry experiments showed the best result in 25% of ionomer with 0.5 mg. cm−2 of platinum. MEAs (membrane electrode assemblies) were made with the optimum platinum content (0.5 mg. cm−2) and self-humidifying nanocomposite membrane (SPEEK/Pt–Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40) for polarization test. The catalyst layer with 25 wt.% of SPEEK ionomer and 0.5 mg. cm−2 of platinum showed the best I–V result which is in agreement with the CV results.

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  • Rahnavard, Aylin & Rowshanzamir, Soosan & Parnian, Mohammad Javad & Amirkhanlou, Gholam Reza, 2015. "The effect of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) as the electrode ionomer for self-humidifying nanocomposite proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 746-757.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:82:y:2015:i:c:p:746-757
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.01.086
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    2. Zhao, Jian & Ozden, Adnan & Shahgaldi, Samaneh & Alaefour, Ibrahim E. & Li, Xianguo & Hamdullahpur, Feridun, 2018. "Effect of Pt loading and catalyst type on the pore structure of porous electrodes in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 69-76.
    3. Mirzaei, Farokh & Parnian, Mohammad Javad & Rowshanzamir, Soosan, 2017. "Durability investigation and performance study of hydrothermal synthesized platinum-multi walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite catalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 696-705.
    4. Nikouei, Mohammad Ali & Oroujzadeh, Maryam & Mehdipour-Ataei, Shahram, 2017. "The PROMETHEE multiple criteria decision making analysis for selecting the best membrane prepared from sulfonated poly(ether ketone)s and poly(ether sulfone)s for proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 77-85.
    5. Parnian, Mohammad Javad & Rowshanzamir, Soosan & Gashoul, Fatemeh, 2017. "Comprehensive investigation of physicochemical and electrochemical properties of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) membranes with different degrees of sulfonation for proton exchange membrane fuel ," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 614-628.
    6. Sayadi, Parvin & Rowshanzamir, Soosan & Parnian, Mohammad Javad, 2016. "Study of hydrogen crossover and proton conductivity of self-humidifying nanocomposite proton exchange membrane based on sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 292-303.
    7. Cha, Dowon & Ahn, Jae Hwan & Kim, Hyung Soon & Kim, Yongchan, 2015. "Effects of clamping force on the water transport and performance of a PEM (proton electrolyte membrane) fuel cell with relative humidity and current density," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 1338-1344.
    8. Alipour Moghaddam, Jafar & Parnian, Mohammad Javad & Rowshanzamir, Soosan, 2018. "Preparation, characterization, and electrochemical properties investigation of recycled proton exchange membrane for fuel cell applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 699-709.

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