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An overview of ionic liquids as solvents in biodiesel synthesis

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  • Mohammad Fauzi, Ahmad Hafiidz
  • Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina

Abstract

Transesterification is the most common method for producing biodiesel. Known as a suitable substitute to diesel fuel, the synthesis involves renewable sources as feedstock. Application of both organic and inorganic solvents in biodiesel production has been widely established. However, as the properties of conventional solvents are perpetually hazardous to human and environment, utilization of greener alternative is a better option. Among the various types of solvents available, ionic liquid seems prevalent. An ionic liquid is a combination of cations and anions, has low or negligible vapor pressure, and exists as liquid at temperature below 100°C. The prospect of ionic liquids as green solvents in chemical processes is increasing in recent years, especially in biodiesel synthesis. This paper highlighted the properties of ionic liquids that emphasized their versatility as solvents, and the use of switchable ionic liquids as green solvents is also presented. The roles of ionic liquids in biodiesel synthesis are discussed, focusing on their pertinent capability as solvents, particularly as catalysts for transesterification reaction. Since the cost of ionic liquid may be an issue, a brief discussion about the recyclability of ionic liquids is also included.

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  • Mohammad Fauzi, Ahmad Hafiidz & Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina, 2012. "An overview of ionic liquids as solvents in biodiesel synthesis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5770-5786.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:16:y:2012:i:8:p:5770-5786
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.06.022
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    1. Zhang, Shihan & Shen, Yao & Wang, Lidong & Chen, Jianmeng & Lu, Yongqi, 2019. "Phase change solvents for post-combustion CO2 capture: Principle, advances, and challenges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 876-897.
    2. Mohammad Fauzi, Ahmad Hafiidz & Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina & Mat, Ramli, 2014. "Esterification of oleic acid to biodiesel using magnetic ionic liquid: Multi-objective optimization and kinetic study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 809-818.
    3. Troter, Dragan Z. & Todorović, Zoran B. & Đokić-Stojanović, Dušica R. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Veljković, Vlada B., 2016. "Application of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents in biodiesel production: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 473-500.
    4. Abrahamsson, Johanna & Andreasson, Emil & Hansson, Niklas & Sandström, David & Wennberg, Ellinor & Maréchal, Manuel & Martinelli, Anna, 2015. "A Raman spectroscopic approach to investigate the production of biodiesel from soybean oil using 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids with intermediate chain length," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 763-770.

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