IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v304y2024ics0360544224019303.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Experimental study of NH3 and coal Co-firing in a CFB and its nitrogen conversion

Author

Listed:
  • Li, Kun
  • Cheng, Leming
  • Zhao, Xin
  • Wang, Bo
  • Zhang, Qingyu
  • Zhu, Leigang
  • Kang, Qixun
  • Ma, Zhangke

Abstract

This study conducted co-firing experiments of NH3 and coal in a circulating fluidized bed combustor. The effects of NH3 co-firing ratio and combustion atmosphere of NH3 addition position on temperature, flue gas emissions, carbon content of the fly ash, NH3 content in fly ash were investigated. Results showed that NOx and N2O emissions increased with NH3 ratio increasing when adding NH3 in the reducing zone. A lower NOx increment was found within 0∼20 % NH3 ratio, increasing by 0.6 times compared to coal combustion. The NH3 content in fly ash was 2.74 mg/kg when NH3 ratio was 10 %. Compared to the reducing zone, adding NH3 into the oxidizing zone promoted the generation of more NOx and N2O, and simultaneously was detrimental to the burnout of NH3 and CO. Based on these findings, NH3 added in the reducing zone emerges as an optimized choice when NH3 and coal are co-fired in circulating fluidized bed. Extending the retention time of NH3 in the reducing zone was beneficial for controlling NOx and N2O, as well as promoting the burnout of NH3 and CO. Furthermore, fuel-N conversion analysis showed that over 96 % fuel-N was converted into harmless N2 when NH3 ratio exceeds 10 %.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Kun & Cheng, Leming & Zhao, Xin & Wang, Bo & Zhang, Qingyu & Zhu, Leigang & Kang, Qixun & Ma, Zhangke, 2024. "Experimental study of NH3 and coal Co-firing in a CFB and its nitrogen conversion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:304:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224019303
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.132156
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544224019303
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132156?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liu, Mingyu & Chen, Sheng & Zhu, Hongwei & Zhou, Zijian & Xu, Jingying, 2023. "Numerical investigation of ammonia/coal co-combustion in a low NOx swirl burner," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    2. Chen, Yuyang & Yang, Shiliang & Hu, Jianhang & Wang, Hua, 2023. "Investigation of the oxy-fuel combustion process in the full-loop circulating fluidized bed," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    3. Jia, Meng-Chuan & Su, Sheng & He, Li-Mo & Chen, Yi-Feng & Xu, Kai & Jiang, Long & Xu, Jun & Wang, Yi & Hu, Song & Xiang, Jun, 2023. "Experimental and density functional theory study on role of calcium in NO reduction by NH3 on char surface during ammonia co-firing with pulverized coal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    4. Kim, Seong-Ju & Park, Sung-Jin & Jo, Sung-Ho & Lee, Hookyung & Yoon, Sang-Jun & Moon, Ji-Hong & Ra, Ho-Won & Yoon, Sung-Min & Lee, Jae-Goo & Mun, Tae-Young, 2023. "Effects of ammonia co-firing ratios and injection positions in the coal–ammonia co-firing process in a circulating fluidized bed combustion test rig," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    5. Tamura, Masato & Gotou, Takahiro & Ishii, Hiroki & Riechelmann, Dirk, 2020. "Experimental investigation of ammonia combustion in a bench scale 1.2 MW-thermal pulverised coal firing furnace," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    6. Pan, Suyang & Ma, Jiliang & Chen, Xiaoping & Liu, Daoyin & Liang, Cai, 2023. "NH3/O2 premixed combustion in a single bubble of fluidized bed," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    7. Chen, Danan & Li, Jun & Li, Xing & Deng, Lisheng & He, Zhaohong & Huang, Hongyu & Kobayashi, Noriyuki, 2023. "Study on combustion characteristics of hydrogen addition on ammonia flame at a porous burner," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zha, Xiaojian & Zhang, Zewu & Zhao, Zhenghong & Yang, Long & Mao, Wenchao & Wu, Fan & Li, Xiaoshan & Luo, Cong & Zhang, Liqi, 2024. "Comparative study on co-firing characteristics of normal and superfine pulverized coal blended with NH3 under the MILD combustion mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    2. Xiang Lin & Xin Lei & Chen Wang & Xuehui Jing & Wei Liu & Lijiang Dong & Qiaozhen Wang & Hao Lu, 2024. "Numerical Simulation Study of Hydrogen Blending Combustion in Swirl Pulverized Coal Burner," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-17, January.
    3. Liu, Mingyu & Chen, Sheng & Zhu, Hongwei & Zhou, Zijian & Xu, Jingying, 2023. "Numerical investigation of ammonia/coal co-combustion in a low NOx swirl burner," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    4. Zhao, Fei & Li, Yalou & Zhou, Xiaoxin & Wang, Dandan & Wei, Yawei & Li, Fang, 2023. "Co-optimization of decarbonized operation of coal-fired power plants and seasonal storage based on green ammonia co-firing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    5. Wen, Du & Aziz, Muhammad, 2022. "Techno-economic analyses of power-to-ammonia-to-power and biomass-to-ammonia-to-power pathways for carbon neutrality scenario," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    6. Donato Cecere & Matteo Cimini & Simone Carpenella & Jan Caldarelli & Eugenio Giacomazzi, 2024. "Composition and Injection Angle Effects on Combustion of an NH 3 /H 2 /N 2 Jet in an Air Crossflow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-21, October.
    7. Guo, Liang & Yu, Changyou & Sun, Wanchen & Zhang, Hao & Cheng, Peng & Yan, Yuying & Lin, Shaodian & Zeng, Wenpeng & Zhu, Genan & Jiang, Mengqi, 2024. "Study on effects of ethylene or acetylene addition on the stability of ammonia laminar diffusion flame by optical diagnostics and chemical kinetics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    8. Yadav, Sujeet & Yu, Panlong & Tanno, Kenji & Watanabe, Hiroaki, 2023. "Large eddy simulation of coal-ammonia flames with varied ammonia injection locations using a flamelet-based approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    9. Li, Xinzhuo & Choi, Minsung & Jung, Chanho & Park, Yeseul & Choi, Gyungmin, 2022. "Effects of the staging position and air−LPG mixing ratio on the combustion and emission characteristics of coal and gas co-firing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    10. João Sousa Cardoso & Valter Silva & Jose Antonio Chavando & Daniela Eusébio & Matthew J. Hall, 2024. "Process Optimization and Robustness Analysis of Ammonia–Coal Co-Firing in a Pilot-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-20, April.
    11. Lv, Chengkun & Huang, Qian & Lan, Zhu & Chang, Juntao & Yu, Daren, 2023. "Parametric optimization and exergy analysis of a high mach number aeroengine with an ammonia mass injection pre-compressor cooling cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    12. Kim, Seong-Ju & Park, Sung-Jin & Jo, Sung-Ho & Lee, Hookyung & Yoon, Sang-Jun & Moon, Ji-Hong & Ra, Ho-Won & Yoon, Sung-Min & Lee, Jae-Goo & Mun, Tae-Young, 2023. "Effects of ammonia co-firing ratios and injection positions in the coal–ammonia co-firing process in a circulating fluidized bed combustion test rig," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    13. Rabeea M. Ghazal & Abdulrazzak Akroot & Hasanain A. Abdul Wahhab & Abdulrahman E. J. Alhamd & Ameer Hasan Hamzah & Mothana Bdaiwi, 2024. "The Influence of Gas Fuel Enrichment with Hydrogen on the Combustion Characteristics of Combustors: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-32, October.
    14. Pan, Suyang & Ma, Jiliang & Chen, Xiaoping & Liu, Daoyin & Liang, Cai, 2023. "NH3/O2 premixed combustion in a single bubble of fluidized bed," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    15. Yadav, Sujeet & Yu, Panlong & Tanno, Kenji & Watanabe, Hiroaki, 2024. "Evaluation of coal ammonia flames using a non-adiabatic three mixture fraction flamelet progress variable approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    16. Wei, Daining & Zhang, Zhichao & Wu, Lining & Wang, Tao & Sun, Baomin, 2023. "Ammonia blend ratio impact on combustion characteristics and NOx emissions during co-firing with sludge and coal in a utility boiler," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    17. Choo, Hyunwoong & Kim, Yong-Gun & Kim, Dongwoo, 2024. "Power sector carbon reduction review for South Korea in 2030," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    18. Shulei Wang & Changdong Sheng, 2023. "Evaluating the Effect of Ammonia Co-Firing on the Performance of a Pulverized Coal-Fired Utility Boiler," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-14, March.
    19. Hou, Guolian & Xiong, Jian & Zhou, Guiping & Gong, Linjuan & Huang, Congzhi & Wang, Shunjiang, 2021. "Coordinated control system modeling of ultra-supercritical unit based on a new fuzzy neural network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    20. Ahmad, Azaria Haykal & Darmanto, Prihadi Setyo & Hariana, Hariana & Darmawan, Arif & Aziz, Muhammad & Juangsa, Firman Bagja, 2024. "Integration ammonia cracking process and co-firing of natural gas in combined cycle power plant: A thermodynamic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:304:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224019303. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.