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The flexible boiler operation in a wide range of load changes with considering the strength and environmental restrictions

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  • Taler, Jan
  • Trojan, Marcin
  • Dzierwa, Piotr
  • Kaczmarski, Karol
  • Węglowski, Bohdan
  • Taler, Dawid
  • Zima, Wiesław
  • Grądziel, Sławomir
  • Ocłoń, Paweł
  • Sobota, Tomasz
  • Rerak, Monika
  • Jaremkiewicz, Magdalena

Abstract

Thermal steam units cooperating in one power system with wind and photovoltaic farms must have high flexibility, i.e., operate over a wide range of load variations, typically between 40 and 100%. In addition, the start-up and shutdown time of the unit should be short. Thick-walled pressure components that limit the fast start-up of the units are turbines, steam boilers, and pipeline branches due to the occurrence of high thermal stresses in them. This paper determines the allowable heating rates of thick-walled components of a 97.22 kg/s natural circulation steam boiler. The boiler drum is the critical element, with a heating time of about 6000 s from the cold state. Computer simulations of the boiler combustion chamber were also performed at three different loads, i.e., 100, 60 and 40%. The calculations show that the maximum emissions of harmful substances do not exceed the permissible values given in European regulations: CO≤140mg/mn3 and NOx≤100mg/mn3. The maximum content of CO = 136.8 mg/mn3 occurs at 60% boiler load. The maximum content of NOx = 217.3mg/mn3 in the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) system occurs at 40% load, but downstream of the SCR system is reduced below the limit value 100mg/mn3.

Suggested Citation

  • Taler, Jan & Trojan, Marcin & Dzierwa, Piotr & Kaczmarski, Karol & Węglowski, Bohdan & Taler, Dawid & Zima, Wiesław & Grądziel, Sławomir & Ocłoń, Paweł & Sobota, Tomasz & Rerak, Monika & Jaremkiewicz,, 2023. "The flexible boiler operation in a wide range of load changes with considering the strength and environmental restrictions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PB).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:263:y:2023:i:pb:s0360544222026317
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.125745
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Tang, Zhenhao & Sui, Mengxuan & Wang, Xu & Xue, Wenyuan & Yang, Yuan & Wang, Zhi & Ouyang, Tinghui, 2024. "Theory-guided deep neural network for boiler 3-D NOx concentration distribution prediction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    2. Yin, Linfei & Zhou, Hang, 2024. "Modal decomposition integrated model for ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plant reheater tube temperature multi-step prediction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    3. Taler, Dawid & Kaczmarski, Karol & Dzierwa, Piotr & Taler, Jan & Trojan, Marcin, 2024. "Optimisation of the cooling of pressurised thick-walled components operating with fluid at saturation temperature," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    4. Woon, Kok Sin & Phuang, Zhen Xin & Taler, Jan & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Chong, Cheng Tung & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Lee, Chew Tin, 2023. "Recent advances in urban green energy development towards carbon emissions neutrality," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    5. Hou, Guolian & Huang, Ting & Zheng, Fumeng & Huang, Congzhi, 2024. "A hierarchical reinforcement learning GPC for flexible operation of ultra-supercritical unit considering economy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).

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