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High robustness energy management strategy of hybrid electric vehicle based on improved soft actor-critic deep reinforcement learning

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  • Sun, Wenjing
  • Zou, Yuan
  • Zhang, Xudong
  • Guo, Ningyuan
  • Zhang, Bin
  • Du, Guodong

Abstract

As a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) key control technology, intelligent energy management strategies (EMSs) directly affect fuel consumption. Investigating the robustness of EMSs to maximize the advantages of energy savings and emission reduction in different driving environments is necessary. This article proposes a soft actor-critic (SAC) deep reinforcement learning (DRL) EMS for hybrid electric tracked vehicles (HETVs). Munchausen reinforcement learning (MRL) is adopted in the SAC algorithm, and the Munchausen SAC (MSAC) algorithm is constructed to achieve lower fuel consumption than the traditional SAC method. The prioritized experience replay (PER) is proposed to achieve more reasonable experience sampling and improve the optimization effect. To enhance the “cold start” performance, a dynamic programming (DP)-assisted training method is proposed that substantially improves the training efficiency. The proposed method optimization result is compared with the traditional SAC and deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) with PER through the simulation. The result shows that the proposed strategy improves both fuel consumption and possesses excellent robustness under different driving cycles.

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  • Sun, Wenjing & Zou, Yuan & Zhang, Xudong & Guo, Ningyuan & Zhang, Bin & Du, Guodong, 2022. "High robustness energy management strategy of hybrid electric vehicle based on improved soft actor-critic deep reinforcement learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:258:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222017091
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124806
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    Cited by:

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    2. Wang, Hanchen & Arjmandzadeh, Ziba & Ye, Yiming & Zhang, Jiangfeng & Xu, Bin, 2024. "FlexNet: A warm start method for deep reinforcement learning in hybrid electric vehicle energy management applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    3. Liu, Yonggang & Wu, Yitao & Wang, Xiangyu & Li, Liang & Zhang, Yuanjian & Chen, Zheng, 2023. "Energy management for hybrid electric vehicles based on imitation reinforcement learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    4. Chang, Chengcheng & Zhao, Wanzhong & Wang, Chunyan & Luan, Zhongkai, 2023. "An energy management strategy of deep reinforcement learning based on multi-agent architecture under self-generating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    5. He, Hongwen & Su, Qicong & Huang, Ruchen & Niu, Zegong, 2024. "Enabling intelligent transferable energy management of series hybrid electric tracked vehicle across motion dimensions via soft actor-critic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    6. Yang, Xiaofeng & He, Hongwen & Wei, Zhongbao & Wang, Rui & Xu, Ke & Zhang, Dong, 2023. "Enabling Safety-Enhanced fast charging of electric vehicles via soft actor Critic-Lagrange DRL algorithm in a Cyber-Physical system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 329(C).
    7. Kang, Hyuna & Jung, Seunghoon & Kim, Hakpyeong & Jeoung, Jaewon & Hong, Taehoon, 2024. "Reinforcement learning-based optimal scheduling model of battery energy storage system at the building level," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 190(PA).
    8. Mudhafar Al-Saadi & Maher Al-Greer & Michael Short, 2023. "Reinforcement Learning-Based Intelligent Control Strategies for Optimal Power Management in Advanced Power Distribution Systems: A Survey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-38, February.

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