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State of charge prediction of EV Li-ion batteries using EIS: A machine learning approach

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  • Babaeiyazdi, Iman
  • Rezaei-Zare, Afshin
  • Shokrzadeh, Shahab

Abstract

Due to the significantly complex and nonlinear behavior of li-ion batteries, forecasting the state of charge (SOC) of the batteries is still a great challenge. Therefore, accurate SOC estimation is essential for the proper operation of batteries while the battery is monitored by the battery management system (BMS). To this end, this paper employs informative measurements of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in machine learning models (ML), i.e., linear regression model and Gaussian process regression (GPR), to accurately predict the SOC of li-ion batteries. First, a feature sensitivity analysis of the data is conducted to extract the most reliable features, i.e., the EIS impedances which are highly correlated with SOC, from EIS measurements. Then, the models are fed by the chosen features. The models are designed to train the input features and establish the mapping relationship between the selected features and the SOC. The results demonstrate that the error of the GPR model was found to be less than 3.8%. Considering onboard EIS measurements, this method can be practically embedded in the battery management system for accurate measurements of SOC of li-ion batteries and ensure the proper and efficient operation of battery-powered electric vehicles.

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  • Babaeiyazdi, Iman & Rezaei-Zare, Afshin & Shokrzadeh, Shahab, 2021. "State of charge prediction of EV Li-ion batteries using EIS: A machine learning approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:223:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221003650
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120116
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    Cited by:

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    2. Li, Renzheng & Wang, Hui & Dai, Haifeng & Hong, Jichao & Tong, Guangyao & Chen, Xinbo, 2022. "Accurate state of charge prediction for real-world battery systems using a novel dual-dropout-based neural network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    3. He, Rong & He, Yongling & Xie, Wenlong & Guo, Bin & Yang, Shichun, 2023. "Comparative analysis for commercial li-ion batteries degradation using the distribution of relaxation time method based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
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    5. Chen, Junxiong & Zhang, Yu & Wu, Ji & Cheng, Weisong & Zhu, Qiao, 2023. "SOC estimation for lithium-ion battery using the LSTM-RNN with extended input and constrained output," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    6. Buchicchio, Emanuele & De Angelis, Alessio & Santoni, Francesco & Carbone, Paolo & Bianconi, Francesco & Smeraldi, Fabrizio, 2023. "Battery SOC estimation from EIS data based on machine learning and equivalent circuit model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    7. Han, Dongho & Kwon, Sanguk & Lee, Miyoung & Kim, Jonghoon & Yoo, Kisoo, 2023. "Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy image transformation-based convolutional neural network for diagnosis of external environment classification affecting abnormal aging of Li-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 345(C).
    8. Zhou, Yong & Dong, Guangzhong & Tan, Qianqian & Han, Xueyuan & Chen, Chunlin & Wei, Jingwen, 2023. "State of health estimation for lithium-ion batteries using geometric impedance spectrum features and recurrent Gaussian process regression," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    9. Miranda, Matheus H.R. & Silva, Fabrício L. & Lourenço, Maria A.M. & Eckert, Jony J. & Silva, Ludmila C.A., 2023. "Particle swarm optimization of Elman neural network applied to battery state of charge and state of health estimation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    10. Thomas Märzinger & David Wöss & Petra Steinmetz & Werner Müller & Tobias Pröll, 2021. "Novel Modelling Approach for the Calculation of the Loading Performance of Charging Stations for E-Trucks to Represent Fleet Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-15, June.
    11. Chen, Lin & Yu, Wentao & Cheng, Guoyang & Wang, Jierui, 2023. "State-of-charge estimation of lithium-ion batteries based on fractional-order modeling and adaptive square-root cubature Kalman filter," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    12. Dapai Shi & Jingyuan Zhao & Zhenghong Wang & Heng Zhao & Chika Eze & Junbin Wang & Yubo Lian & Andrew F. Burke, 2023. "Cloud-Based Deep Learning for Co-Estimation of Battery State of Charge and State of Health," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-19, April.

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