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Effects of altitude on combustion and ignition characteristics of speed-up period during cold start in a diesel engine

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  • Kan, Zechao
  • Hu, Zhiyuan
  • Lou, Diming
  • Tan, Piqiang
  • Cao, Zhiyi
  • Yang, Zhenhuan

Abstract

Altitude has a significant effect on the combustion of diesel engines during cold start, especially during speed-up. In this study, combustion characteristics of speed-up period were investigated using an experimental test on a heavy-duty diesel engine with an intake and exhaust pressure controlled by the plateau simulation test system to simulate altitude conditions including 0 m, 3000 m and 4500 m. Further effects of altitude on ignition characteristics of diesel engine were accomplished through a zero-dimensional thermodynamic model coupled with a detailed kinetic model. Results indicated that as the altitude rose from 0 m to 3000 m, the pressure in the cylinder was reduced, the number of diesel engine speed-up cycles increased, and the rising speed ratio decreased during speed-up. There was a misfire after the fifth cycle at an altitude of 4500 m, and the rising speed ratio was significantly reduced. Through analysis of fuel injection, air intake and ignition phase, we confirmed that the misfire at the high 4500 m altitude was caused by the ignition delay, which was mainly controlled by chemical reaction during cold start. In the detailed kinetic study, the hot-flame and blue-flame reactions slowed down in the chemical reaction of the mixture as the altitude rose. The higher altitude enhanced the H-atom abstraction, but weakened the second O2 addition and the peroxyalkylhydroperoxide isomerization. The decomposition reaction was enhanced. As a result, the overall reaction rate and the heat release fraction deteriorated, extending significantly the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) duration of the ignition.

Suggested Citation

  • Kan, Zechao & Hu, Zhiyuan & Lou, Diming & Tan, Piqiang & Cao, Zhiyi & Yang, Zhenhuan, 2018. "Effects of altitude on combustion and ignition characteristics of speed-up period during cold start in a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 164-175.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:150:y:2018:i:c:p:164-175
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.103
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Adrian Clenci & Rodica Niculescu & Amélie Danlos & Victor Iorga-Simăn & Alina Trică, 2016. "Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-19, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yi Dong & Jianmin Liu & Yanbin Liu & Xinyong Qiao & Xiaoming Zhang & Ying Jin & Shaoliang Zhang & Tianqi Wang & Qi Kang, 2020. "A RBFNN & GACMOO-Based Working State Optimization Control Study on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Working in Plateau Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-24, January.
    2. Song, Yue & Zhou, Yu & Zhao, Shuai & Du, Fa-rong & Li, Xue-yu & Zhu, Kun & Yan, Huan-song & Xu, Zheng & Ding, Shui-ting, 2024. "Cyclic coupling and working characteristics analysis of a novel combined cycle engine concept for aviation applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    3. Zhang, Chunhua & Li, Yangyang & Liu, Zhentao & Liu, Jinlong, 2022. "An investigation of the effect of plateau environment on the soot generation and oxidation in diesel engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    4. Xuewen Zhang & Xiang Huang & Peiyong Ni & Xiang Li, 2023. "Strategies to Reduce Emissions from Diesel Engines under Cold Start Conditions: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-21, July.
    5. Liu, Jinlong & Wang, Bosen & Meng, Zhongwei & Liu, Zhentao, 2023. "An examination of performance deterioration indicators of diesel engines on the plateau," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    6. Haiying Li & Xiaoqin Zhang & Chaofan Li & Rulou Cao & Weiqing Zhu & Yaozong Li & Fengchun Liu & Yufeng Li, 2022. "Numerical Study of Knocking Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Engine under Plateau Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-18, April.
    7. E, Jiaqiang & Liu, Guanlin & Zhang, Zhiqing & Han, Dandan & Chen, Jingwei & Wei, Kexiang & Gong, Jinke & Yin, Zibin, 2019. "Effect analysis on cold starting performance enhancement of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel fuel based on an improved thermodynamic model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C), pages 321-335.
    8. Li, Yikai & Wang, Dongfang & Shi, Zhongjie & Chen, Haiyan & Liu, Fushui, 2021. "Environment-adaptive method to control intake preheating for diesel engines at cold-start conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    9. Liang Fang & Diming Lou & Zhiyuan Hu & Piqiang Tan, 2019. "The Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine During Start-Up Process at Different Altitudes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-15, September.
    10. Xiangting Wang & Haiqiao Wei & Jiaying Pan & Zhen Hu & Zeyuan Zheng & Mingzhang Pan, 2020. "Analysis of Diesel Knock for High-Altitude Heavy-Duty Engines Using Optical Rapid Compression Machines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-14, June.
    11. Zhipeng Li & Qiang Zhang & Fujun Zhang & Hongbo Liang & Yu Zhang, 2023. "Investigation of Effect of Nozzle Numbers on Diesel Engine Performance Operated at Plateau Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, May.
    12. Lu, Kangbo & Qiu, Hongjian & Chen, Ziqiang & Shi, Lei & Deng, Kangyao, 2023. "Environmental adaptability method for improving the cold start performance of the diesel engine based on pilot injection strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).

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