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Promoting renewable energy through capacity markets: An analysis of the Russian support scheme

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  • Boute, Anatole

Abstract

Most existing support schemes aim to stimulate the deployment of renewable energy sources in the electricity sector on the basis of the electricity output (MWh) of renewable energy installations. Support is anchored in the electricity commodity market. In contrast to this established approach, Russia intends to promote renewable energy through the capacity market. The idea is to remunerate investors for the installed capacity (MW) of their installations, in particular for the availability of their installations to produce electricity. This article argues that, contrary to the implicit consensus, a capacity-based approach to supporting renewable energy can provide an alternative to the current output-based schemes. Capacity-based schemes limit the incentive that the operators of renewable energy installations currently have under output-based schemes to deliver electricity to the grid even in periods of low demand. These schemes also provide investors with a more predictable income flow. However, to be successful, the regulation of capacity supply – currently designed for flexible power plants – needs to accommodate the specific production patterns of variable renewable energy installations. This paper examines ways to overcome this challenge in Russia and provides more general conclusions on the complex interaction between capacity markets and renewable energy investments.

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  • Boute, Anatole, 2012. "Promoting renewable energy through capacity markets: An analysis of the Russian support scheme," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 68-77.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:46:y:2012:i:c:p:68-77
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.026
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    2. Levin, Todd & Botterud, Audun, 2015. "Electricity market design for generator revenue sufficiency with increased variable generation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 392-406.
    3. Michael Pahle, Wolf-Peter Schill, Christian Gambardella, and Oliver Tietjen, 2016. "Renewable Energy Support, Negative Prices, and Real-time Pricing," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Sustainab).
    4. Smeets, Niels, 2017. "Similar goals, divergent motives. The enabling and constraining factors of Russia's capacity-based renewable energy support scheme," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 138-149.
    5. Simona-Vasilica Oprea & Adela Bâra, 2017. "Analyses of Wind and Photovoltaic Energy Integration from the Promoting Scheme Point of View: Study Case of Romania," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-16, December.
    6. Kozlova, Mariia & Collan, Mikael, 2016. "Modeling the effects of the new Russian capacity mechanism on renewable energy investments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 350-360.
    7. Salah, Florian & Flath, Christoph M. & Schuller, Alexander & Will, Christian & Weinhardt, Christof, 2017. "Morphological analysis of energy services: Paving the way to quality differentiation in the power sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 614-624.
    8. Kozlova, Mariia & Collan, Mikael, 2020. "Renewable energy investment attractiveness: Enabling multi-criteria cross-regional analysis from the investors’ perspective," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 382-400.
    9. Boute, Anatole & Zhikharev, Alexey, 2019. "Vested interests as driver of the clean energy transition: Evidence from Russia's solar energy policy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    10. Sebastian Schäfer & Lisa Schulten, 2015. "Efficient Promotion of Renewable Energy with Reverse Auctions," MAGKS Papers on Economics 201520, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics (Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung).
    11. Wang, Richard & Hsu, Shu-Chien & Zheng, Saina & Chen, Jieh-Haur & Li, Xuran Ivan, 2020. "Renewable energy microgrids: Economic evaluation and decision making for government policies to contribute to affordable and clean energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    12. Boute, Anatole & Willems, Patrick, 2012. "RUSTEC: Greening Europe's energy supply by developing Russia's renewable energy potential," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 618-629.
    13. Michael Pahle, Wolf-Peter Schill, Christian Gambardella, and Oliver Tietjen, 2016. "Renewable Energy Support, Negative Prices, and Real-time Pricing," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Sustainab).
    14. Alexander N. Alekseev & Aleksei V. Bogoviz & Ludmila P. Goncharenko & Sergey A. Sybachin, 2019. "A Critical Review of Russia s Energy Strategy in the Period until 2035," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(6), pages 95-102.
    15. Vidadili, Nurtaj & Suleymanov, Elchin & Bulut, Cihan & Mahmudlu, Ceyhun, 2017. "Transition to renewable energy and sustainable energy development in Azerbaijan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1153-1161.
    16. Kozlova, Mariia & Fleten, Stein-Erik & Hagspiel, Verena, 2019. "Investment timing and capacity choice under rate-of-return regulation for renewable energy support," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 591-601.
    17. Banshwar, Anuj & Sharma, Naveen Kumar & Sood, Yog Raj & Shrivastava, Rajnish, 2018. "An international experience of technical and economic aspects of ancillary services in deregulated power industry: Lessons for emerging BRIC electricity markets," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 774-801.
    18. P. Fabbri & A. Ninni, 2015. "Environmental Problems and Development Policies for Renewable Energy in BRIC Countries," Economics Department Working Papers 2015-EP02, Department of Economics, Parma University (Italy).
    19. Vasileva, Evgeniia & Viljainen, Satu & Sulamaa, Pekka & Kuleshov, Dmitry, 2015. "RES support in Russia: Impact on capacity and electricity market prices," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 82-90.
    20. Svetlana Balashova & Svetlana Ratner & Konstantin Gomonov & Andrey Berezin, 2020. "Modeling Consumer and Industry Reaction to Renewable Support Schemes: Empirical Evidence from the USA and Applications for Russia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(3), pages 158-167.

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