IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/cysrev/v113y2020ics0190740920300797.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Parenting styles and children’s academic performance: Evidence from middle schools in China

Author

Listed:
  • Yang, Juan
  • Zhao, Xinhui

Abstract

Most of the existing literature has shown that parents’ educational background, occupation and income will affect children’s initial endowment, educational investment and cultural environment. Few studies have used large samples to analyze the influence of parental communication, company, supervision, requirements and other parenting practices on children’s academic performance after controlling for parents’ external background. Based on a large sample survey of middle-school students in China, this study applies factor analysis and cluster analysis to categorize parenting styles as authoritative, permissive, authoritarian and neglectful. Using the instrumental variable method, we discuss the causal effect of parenting style on children’s academic performance. The findings are as follows: the parenting styles of Chinese parents are predominantly authoritarian and neglectful; parents of higher social classes tend to adopt the permissive parenting style; the authoritative parenting style is more conducive to improving children’s academic performance; parenting style has a greater effect on children from disadvantaged backgrounds; and the parenting styles of mothers play a more vital role in their children’s academic performance than do the parenting styles of fathers.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Juan & Zhao, Xinhui, 2020. "Parenting styles and children’s academic performance: Evidence from middle schools in China," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:113:y:2020:i:c:s0190740920300797
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105017
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740920300797
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105017?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. James J. Heckman, 2011. "The American Family in Black and White: A Post-Racial Strategy for Improving Skills to Promote Equality," NBER Working Papers 16841, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. James Heckman & Flavio Cunha, 2007. "The Technology of Skill Formation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(2), pages 31-47, May.
    3. Matthias Doepke & Giuseppe Sorrenti & Fabrizio Zilibotti, 2019. "The Economics of Parenting," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 11(1), pages 55-84, August.
    4. Francesconi, Marco & Heckman, James J., 2016. "Symposium on Child Development and Parental Investment: Introduction," IZA Discussion Papers 9977, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Orazio Attanasio & Sarah Cattan & Emla Fitzsimons & Costas Meghir & Marta Rubio-Codina, 2020. "Estimating the Production Function for Human Capital: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Colombia," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 110(1), pages 48-85, January.
    6. Kan, Kamhon & Tsai, Wei-Der, 2005. "Parenting practices and children's education outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(1), pages 29-43, February.
    7. Tim Kautz & James J. Heckman & Ron Diris & Bas ter Weel & Lex Borghans, 2014. "Fostering and Measuring Skills: Improving Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills to Promote Lifetime Success," OECD Education Working Papers 110, OECD Publishing.
    8. Flavio Cunha & James J. Heckman & Susanne M. Schennach, 2010. "Estimating the Technology of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skill Formation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 78(3), pages 883-931, May.
    9. James H. Stock & Motohiro Yogo, 2002. "Testing for Weak Instruments in Linear IV Regression," NBER Technical Working Papers 0284, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Matthias Doepke & Fabrizio Zilibotti, 2017. "Parenting With Style: Altruism and Paternalism in Intergenerational Preference Transmission," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 85, pages 1331-1371, September.
    11. Sergio Firpo & Nicole M. Fortin & Thomas Lemieux, 2009. "Unconditional Quantile Regressions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 77(3), pages 953-973, May.
    12. Marco Francesconi & James J. Heckman, 2016. "Child Development and Parental Investment: Introduction," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 126(596), pages 1-27, October.
    13. Hamid Masud & Ramayah Thurasamy & Muhammad Ahmad, 2015. "Parenting styles and academic achievement of young adolescents: A systematic literature review," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 49(6), pages 2411-2433, November.
    14. Lei, Hao & Chiu, Ming Ming & Cui, Yunhuo & Zhou, Wenye & Li, Shunyu, 2018. "Parenting Style and Aggression: A Meta-Analysis of Mainland Chinese Children and Youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 446-455.
    15. Md. Majumder, 2016. "The Impact of Parenting Style on Children’s Educational Outcomes in the United States," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 37(1), pages 89-98, March.
    16. Marco Francesconi & James J. Heckman, 2016. "Child Development and Parental Investment: Introduction," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 126(596), pages 1-27, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nan Zhao & Wanqing Liao & Jun Xia & Zizhe Zhang, 2023. "The effect of intergenerational mobility on family education investment: evidence from China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Hantao Wu & Ting Li, 2022. "When investment backfires: Unbalanced sex ratios and mental health among boys in rural areas," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 47(21), pages 615-646.
    3. Liu, Lisha & He, Xiaoli & Li, Chaoqun & Xu, Liangyuan & Li, Yanfang, 2020. "Linking parent–child relationship to peer relationship based on the parent-peer relationship spillover theory: Evidence from China," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Han & Li, Jiangyi & Lu, Yi & Xie, Huihua, 2023. "Do housing regulations affect child development? Evidence and mechanisms," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    2. Kiessling, Lukas, 2021. "How do parents perceive the returns to parenting styles and neighborhoods?," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    3. Chen, Yefeng & Yang, Wenyuan & Luo, Gansong & Luo, Jun, 2024. "Choosing tournament for children: Parenting style and information intervention," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    4. Lindsey Macmillan & Emma Tominey, 2023. "Parental inputs and socio-economic gaps in early child development," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 36(3), pages 1513-1543, July.
    5. List, John A. & Momeni, Fatemeh & Zenou, Yves, 2020. "The Social Side of Early Human Capital Formation: Using a Field Experiment to Estimate the Causal Impact of Neighborhoods," IZA Discussion Papers 13966, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Hashibul Hassan & Asad Islam & Abu Siddique & Liang Choon Wang, 2024. "Telementoring and Homeschooling During School Closures: a Randomised Experiment in Rural Bangladesh," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 134(662), pages 2418-2438.
    7. Zhang, Haochen & Qin, Xuezheng & Zhou, Jiantao, 2020. "Do tiger moms raise superior kids? The impact of parenting style on adolescent human capital formation in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    8. John A. List & Fatemeh Momeni & Yves Zenou, 2020. "The Social Side of Early Human Capital Formation: Using a Field Experiment to Estimate the Causal Impact of Neighborhoods," Working Papers 2020-187, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
    9. Akgündüz, Yusuf Emre & Akyol, Pelin & Aydemir, Abdurrahman B. & Demirci, Murat & Kirdar, Murat Güray, 2024. "Intergenerational Effects of Compulsory Schooling Reform on Early Childhood Development in a Middle-Income Country," IZA Discussion Papers 17249, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Sebastian Gallegos & Pablo Celhay, 2020. "Early Skill Effects on Types of Parental Investments and Long-Run Outcomes," Working Papers 2020-014, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    11. Avdic, Daniel & Karimi, Arizo & Sjögren, Anna & Sundberg, Elin, 2023. "Paternity leave and child outcomes," Working Paper Series 2023:25, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    12. Vincent Boucher & Carlo L. Del Bello & Fabrizio Panebianco & Thierry Verdier & Yves Zenou, 2023. "Education Transmission and Network Formation," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 41(1), pages 129-173.
    13. Marion Davin & Emmanuelle Lavaine, 2021. "The role of health at birth and parental investment in early child development: evidence from the French ELFE cohort," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 22(8), pages 1217-1237, November.
    14. Jorge Luis García & James J. Heckman, 2023. "Parenting Promotes Social Mobility Within and Across Generations," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 15(1), pages 349-388, September.
    15. Zhong, Jingdong & Kuhn, Lena & Wang, Tianyi & Liu, Chengfang & Luo, Renfu, 2020. "The interrelationships between parental migration, home environment, and early child development in rural China: A cross-sectional study," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 17(11).
    16. Sebastian Galiani & Matthew Staiger & Gustavo Torrens, 2017. "When Children Rule: Parenting in Modern Families," NBER Working Papers 23087, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Monteiro Amaral,Sofia Fernando & Dinarte Diaz,Lelys Ileana & Dominguez,Patricio & Perez-Vincent,Santiago M., 2021. "Helping Families Help Themselves ? Heterogeneous Effects of a Digital Parenting Program," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9850, The World Bank.
    18. Kang, Chuankun & Fu, Zhengxin & Zhao, Shuchen, 2024. "Maternal relative income, bargaining power, and children's education expenditure," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1395-1410.
    19. Yusuf Emre Akgunduz & Pelin Akyol & Abdurrahman B. Aydemir & Murat Demirci & Murat G. Kirdar, 2023. "Maternal Education and Early Child Development: The Roles of Parental Support for Learning, Learning Materials, and Father Characteristics," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 2305, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
    20. Alan, Sule & Ertac, Seda & Gumren, Mert, 2020. "Cheating and incentives in a performance context: Evidence from a field experiment on children," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 681-701.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:113:y:2020:i:c:s0190740920300797. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/childyouth .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.