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Number of elementary particles using exceptional Lie symmetry groups hierarchy

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  • He, Ji-Huan
  • Xu, Lan

Abstract

This paper suggests several approaches to predict the number of elementary particles via a remarkable finite exceptional Lie symmetry groups hierarchy. This result confirms the earlier finding namely that nine elementary particles are still missing from the standard model.

Suggested Citation

  • He, Ji-Huan & Xu, Lan, 2009. "Number of elementary particles using exceptional Lie symmetry groups hierarchy," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 2119-2124.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:39:y:2009:i:5:p:2119-2124
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2007.06.088
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. El Naschie, M.S., 2007. "The elementary particles content of quantum spacetime via Feynman graphs and higher dimensional polytops," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 1-4.
    2. Marek-Crnjac, L., 2006. "Different Higgs models and the number of Higgs particles," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 575-579.
    3. El Naschie, M.S., 2007. "The Fibonacci code behind super strings and P-Branes. An answer to M. Kaku’s fundamental question," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 537-547.
    4. He, Ji-Huan, 2007. "The number of elementary particles in a fractal M-theory of 11.2360667977 dimensions," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 346-351.
    5. El Naschie, M.S., 2005. "The Higgs and the expectation value of the number of elementary particles in a supersymmetric extensions of the standard model of high energy physics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 363-371.
    6. El Naschie, M.S., 2007. "Determining the number of Fermions and the number of Boson separately in an extended standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 1241-1243.
    7. El Naschie, M.S., 2005. "On 336 kissing spheres in 10 dimensions, 528 P-Brane states in 11 dimensions and the 60 elementary particles of the standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 447-457.
    8. He, Ji-Huan, 2007. "On the number of elementary particles in a resolution dependent fractal spacetime," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 1645-1648.
    9. El Naschie, M.S., 2005. "Higgs number from anomaly cancellation and super Riemann tensor," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 653-657.
    10. El Naschie, M.S., 2005. "Tadpoles, anomaly cancellation and the expectation value of the number of the Higgs particles in the standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 659-663.
    11. El Naschie, M.S., 2006. "On the vital role played by the electron-volt units system in high energy physics and Mach’s principle of “Denkökonomie”," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 28(5), pages 1366-1371.
    12. El Naschie, M.S., 2007. "Gauge anomalies, SU(N) irreducible representation and the number of elementary particles of a minimally extended standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 14-16.
    13. Marek-Crnjac, L., 2006. "Pentaquarks and the mass spectrum of the elementary particles of the standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 332-341.
    14. He, Ji-Huan & Xu, Lan & Zhang, Li-Na & Wu, Xu-Hong, 2007. "Twenty-six dimensional polytope and high energy spacetime physics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 5-13.
    15. El Naschie, M. Saladin, 2006. "Intermediate prerequisites for E-infinity theory (Further recommended reading in nonlinear dynamics and mathematical physics)," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 622-628.
    16. He, Ji-Huan, 2007. "E-Infinity theory and the Higgs field," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 782-786.
    17. He, Ji-Huan, 2006. "Application of E-infinity theory to biology," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 285-289.
    18. Naschie, M.S.El, 2005. "Deriving the essential features of the standard model from the general theory of relativity," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 24(4), pages 941-946.
    19. He, Ji-Huan, 2006. "Application of E-infinity theory to turbulence," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 506-511.
    20. Marek-Crnjac, L., 2007. "The maximum number of elementary particles in a super symmetric extension of the standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 1631-1636.
    21. El Naschie, M.S., 2006. "Superstrings, entropy and the elementary particles content of the standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 48-54.
    22. El Naschie, M.S., 2007. "SO(10) grand unification in a fuzzy setting," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 958-961.
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    Cited by:

    1. He, Ji-Huan, 2009. "Nonlinear science as a fluctuating research frontier," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 41(5), pages 2533-2537.
    2. Büyükkılıç, F. & Demirhan, D., 2009. "Cumulative growth with fibonacci approach, golden section and physics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 24-32.
    3. Ye, Wang-Chuan & Li, Biao, 2009. "Finite symmetry transformation groups and exact solutions of the cylindrical Korteweg-de Vries equation," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 42(5), pages 2623-2628.

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