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Performance optimization of server water cooling system based on minimum energy consumption analysis

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  • He, Wei
  • Ding, Su
  • Zhang, Jifang
  • Pei, Chenchen
  • Zhang, Zhiheng
  • Wang, Yulin
  • Li, Hailong

Abstract

To improve the thermal management of a data center, fin-type water-cooled heat sinks were applied to cool the chips in a server cabinet, and a water-cooled system based on the cooling tower of a data center with a thermal power of 4.8 kW was applied. TRNSYS was used to conduct an effect analysis of the operating condition parameters of the cooling water on the power consumption of the system. Finally, the operating conditions of the cooling water were optimized by minimizing the energy consumption of the water-cooled system. In addition, the factors of different safety chip temperatures and partial thermal loads were considered in optimizing the working conditions and analyzing cooling energy consumption. The results show that the optimal cooling water operating parameters significantly differ corresponding to different safety chip temperatures and thermal loads. Finally, the fitting correlation equations of the optimal flow rate of the primary and secondary cooling water under different safe chip temperatures and partial thermal loads are provided to guide the cooling system design. Considering an ambient temperature of 15 °C and a safety chip temperature of 70 °C as a case study, the optimal primary and secondary cooling water flow rates of 3 and 3.4 L/min, respectively, were obtained, with a minimum power usage effectiveness of 1.146.

Suggested Citation

  • He, Wei & Ding, Su & Zhang, Jifang & Pei, Chenchen & Zhang, Zhiheng & Wang, Yulin & Li, Hailong, 2021. "Performance optimization of server water cooling system based on minimum energy consumption analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:303:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921009892
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117620
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mao, Yufeng & Zhong, Mingliang & Wang, Ji X., 2023. "Dimensionless study of phase-change-based thermal protection for pulsed electromagnetic machines: Towards heat absorption-dissipation matching," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    2. Borkowski, Mateusz & Piłat, Adam Krzysztof, 2022. "Customized data center cooling system operating at significant outdoor temperature fluctuations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    3. Wang, Huijie & Qiu, Baoyun & Zhao, Fangling & Yan, Tianxu, 2023. "Method for increasing net power of power plant based on operation optimization of circulating cooling water system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    4. Qu, Shengli & Duan, Kaiwen & Guo, Yuxiang & Feng, Yiwei & Wang, Chuang & Xing, Ziwen, 2024. "Real-time optimization of the liquid-cooled data center based on cold plates under different ambient temperatures and thermal loads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 363(C).

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