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Parametric study on the effect of using cold thermal storage energy of phase change material on the performance of air-conditioning unit

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  • Said, M.A.
  • Hassan, Hamdy

Abstract

This paper presents a study on a new technique of using thermal energy storage of phase change material system with conventional air-conditioning unit to increase its cooling performance. The technique is based on integrating plates of phase change material with the condenser of the air-conditioning unit. The phase change material plates use its cold storage energy during the night time to increase the cooling performance of the unit during the daytime. The air is used to transfer the cold storage energy from the phase change material plates to the air-conditioning unit during the daytime. The study is performed during charging the phase change material with cold storage energy at night and discharging this energy to the air-conditioning unit at daytime. A theoretical transient model for the phase change material with air heat exchanger is constructed and a numerical solution of the theoretical model is presented. The numerical solution of the theoretical model is validated with an experimental work. The effect of the phase change material plates configurations and the inlet velocity and temperature of the air inlet to the phase change material plates on the charging and discharging process is carried out. Also, the effect of these parameters on the air-conditioning unit performance is presented. The results show that the longer and thinner phase change material plates configuration has the lower charging and discharging time. The discharging time and the outlet cold air temperature from the phase change material plates are decreased with increasing inlet air velocity and temperature. The charging time is decreased with decreasing inlet air temperature and rising inlet velocity. The maximum increase of the coefficient of performance of the air-conditioning unit with phase change material for the different configurations compared to the conventional one for inlet air temperature 35 °C, is 14%, 13% and 12% for inlet air velocity 0.96 m/s, 1.2 m/s and 1.44 m/s respectively. The discharging and charging time and the outlet cold air temperature from the phase change material plates are decreased with increasing inlet air velocity and temperature respectively. Also, at inlet air temperature 45 °C, and velocity 1.44 m/s, the maximum useful cooling power per kg of the phase change material is 46, 50, 54, 55, and 67 W for the configurations 2, 5, 4, 1 and 3 respectively. The results illustrate that, at air inlet velocity 0.96 m/s, the maximum percentage of the saved power per ton refrigeration for each kg phase change material with respect to conventional AC unit is about 11.6%, 6.7% and 5.4% for inlet air temperature 45 °C, 40 °C and 35 °C respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Said, M.A. & Hassan, Hamdy, 2018. "Parametric study on the effect of using cold thermal storage energy of phase change material on the performance of air-conditioning unit," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 1380-1402.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:230:y:2018:i:c:p:1380-1402
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.048
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Ahmed, Hossam A. & Megahed, Tamer F. & Mori, Shinsuke & Nada, Sameh & Hassan, Hamdy, 2023. "Novel design of thermo-electric air conditioning system integrated with PV panel for electric vehicles: Performance evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    4. Liang, Yan & Yang, Haibin & Wang, Huilong & Bao, Xiaohua & Cui, Hongzhi, 2024. "Enhancing energy efficiency of air conditioning system through optimization of PCM-based cold energy storage tank: A data center case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    5. Diao, Y.H. & Liang, L. & Zhao, Y.H. & Wang, Z.Y. & Bai, F.W., 2019. "Numerical investigation of the thermal performance enhancement of latent heat thermal energy storage using longitudinal rectangular fins and flat micro-heat pipe arrays," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 894-905.
    6. Farah, Sleiman & Liu, Ming & Saman, Wasim, 2019. "Numerical investigation of phase change material thermal storage for space cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 526-535.
    7. Nikkerdar, F. & Rahimi, M. & Ranjbar, A.A. & Pakrouh, R. & Bahrampoury, R., 2021. "Solar assisted thermal storage system for free heating applications in moderate climates: A case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    8. Zheng, Ziao & Huang, Bin & Lu, Gaofeng & Zhai, Xiaoqiang, 2022. "Design and optimization of an air-based phase change cold storage unit through cascaded construction for emergency cooling in IDC," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    9. Gado, Mohamed G. & Hassan, Hamdy, 2023. "Energy-saving potential of compression heat pump using thermal energy storage of phase change materials for cooling and heating applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    10. Shun-Hsiung Peng & Shang-Lien Lo, 2023. "Hybrid (Optimal) Selection Model for Phase Change Materials Used in the Cold Energy Storage of Air Conditioning Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-15, December.
    11. Yousef, Mohamed S. & Sharaf, Mohamed & Huzayyin, A.S., 2022. "Energy, exergy, economic, and enviroeconomic assessment of a photovoltaic module incorporated with a paraffin-metal foam composite: An experimental study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).
    12. Hongguang Zhang & Tanghan Wu & Lei Tang & Ziye Ling & Zhengguo Zhang & Xiaoming Fang, 2022. "Preparation and Thermal Model of Tetradecane/Expanded Graphite and A Spiral Wavy Plate Cold Storage Tank," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-13, December.
    13. Meng Yu & Xiaowei Sun & Wenjuan Su & Defeng Li & Jun Shen & Xuejun Zhang & Long Jiang, 2022. "Investigation on the Melting Performance of a Phase Change Material Based on a Shell-and-Tube Thermal Energy Storage Unit with a Rectangular Fin Configuration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-15, November.
    14. Ewelina Radomska & Lukasz Mika & Karol Sztekler, 2020. "The Impact of Additives on the Main Properties of Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-34, June.

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