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Biodiesel production via esterification of oleic acid catalyzed by picolinic acid modified 12-tungstophosphoric acid

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  • Gong, Shu-wen
  • Lu, Jing
  • Wang, Hong-hong
  • Liu, Li-jun
  • Zhang, Qian

Abstract

Esterification of free fatty acids with alcohols catalytic by acid catalysts can synthesize sustainable production of biofuel. In this work, 12-tungstophosphoric acid was modified by picolinic acid to prepare solid acid catalyst (PA-HPW) and applied to the esterification, which was proved to be an efficient catalyst for the esterification of oleic acid and alcohols. For characterization of the catalysts, XRD, FT-IR, SEM and potentiometric titration method were employed. These analyses showed that there was no decomposition of the Keggin structure of 12-tungstophosphoric acid during preparation and esterification. The PA-HPW catalyst presented high acidity and good stability in esterification mixtures. Various reaction parameters, such as methanol/oleic acid molar ratio, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and time were systematically examined. A quantitative conversion (100%) of oleic acid was achieved, using the most active modified catalyst at 80°C with a 7wt % catalyst/oleic acid ratio for 5h, at a 10:1 of alcohol/acid mole ratio. The catalyst can be easily recovered and reused, which indicated that the PA-HPW catalyst is a promising new type of heterogeneous acid catalyst for conversion of free fatty acid feeds to biodiesel.

Suggested Citation

  • Gong, Shu-wen & Lu, Jing & Wang, Hong-hong & Liu, Li-jun & Zhang, Qian, 2014. "Biodiesel production via esterification of oleic acid catalyzed by picolinic acid modified 12-tungstophosphoric acid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 283-289.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:134:y:2014:i:c:p:283-289
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.07.099
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