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The anodic reaction zone and performance of different carbonaceous fuels in a batch molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell

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  • Guo, Liang
  • Calo, J.M.
  • Kearney, Clare
  • Grimshaw, Pengpeng

Abstract

Results are presented of an analysis of the nature of the reaction zone in the anode of a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC). Five different types of particulate carbonaceous fuels were investigated, including nonconductive as-received coals, and more conductive pyrolyzed coal chars and an activated charcoal. All the fuels exhibited linear voltage–current density behavior indicative of ohmic-controlled polarization. The two as-received coals (Pittsburgh No. 8 bituminous coal and Beulah-Zap lignite) exhibited greater open-circuit voltages (OCV) of ∼1.2V than their corresponding pyrolyzed forms and the activated charcoal, the latter of which were all ca. 1.0V. It was also found that differences in electrochemical reactivity of the as-received and pyrolyzed coal fuels correlated with their thermal heating values. Even so, maximum power and current densities were comparable for all the particulate fuels investigated, irrespective of the conductivity of the fuel particles. Based on fuel characterization and performance data, it is concluded that the electrochemical reaction zone in packed-bed anodes of the type examined here is limited to the three-phase solid fuel-anode-molten electrolyte contact zone. This intrinsic characteristic represents a limitation on the electrochemical performance of these types of DCFCs, in comparison to other fuel cells with fluid fuels.

Suggested Citation

  • Guo, Liang & Calo, J.M. & Kearney, Clare & Grimshaw, Pengpeng, 2014. "The anodic reaction zone and performance of different carbonaceous fuels in a batch molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 32-38.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:129:y:2014:i:c:p:32-38
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.05.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xu, Xiaoyong & Zhou, Wei & Liang, Fengli & Zhu, Zhonghua, 2013. "A comparative study of different carbon fuels in an electrolyte-supported hybrid direct carbon fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 402-409.
    2. Ahn, Seong Yool & Eom, Seong Yong & Rhie, Young Hoon & Sung, Yon Mo & Moon, Cheor Eon & Choi, Gyung Min & Kim, Duck Jool, 2013. "Utilization of wood biomass char in a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 207-216.
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    1. Cai, Weizi & Zhou, Qian & Xie, Yongmin & Liu, Jiang & Long, Guohui & Cheng, Shuang & Liu, Meilin, 2016. "A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell operated on a plant derived biofuel with natural catalyst," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1232-1241.
    2. Han, Yuan & Zhang, Houcheng & Hu, Ziyang & Hou, Shujin, 2021. "An efficient hybrid system using a graphene-based cathode vacuum thermionic energy converter to harvest the waste heat from a molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    3. Chen, Qianyang & Qiu, Qianyuan & Yan, Xiaomin & Zhou, Mingyang & Zhang, Yapeng & Liu, Zhijun & Cai, Weizi & Wang, Wei & Liu, Jiang, 2020. "A compact and seal-less direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell stack stepping into practical application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    4. Hao, Wenbin & He, Xiaojin & Mi, Yongli, 2014. "Achieving high performance in intermediate temperature direct carbon fuel cells with renewable carbon as a fuel source," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 174-181.
    5. Dong, Yuanxing & Xing, Li & Li, Xiaofeng & Gao, Yanfang & Cao, Zhenzhu & Liu, Jinrong, 2022. "A membrane-less molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell with fuel continuously supplied at low temperatures: A modeling and experimental study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    6. Ozalp, N. & Abedini, H. & Abuseada, M. & Davis, R. & Rutten, J. & Verschoren, J. & Ophoff, C. & Moens, D., 2022. "An overview of direct carbon fuel cells and their promising potential on coupling with solar thermochemical carbon production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    7. Wang, Chaoqi & Lü, Zhe & Li, Jingwei & Cao, Zhiqun & Wei, Bo & Li, Huan & Shang, Minghao & Su, Chaoxiang, 2020. "Efficient use of waste carton for power generation, tar and fertilizer through direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 410-420.

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