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Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching losses from intensively managed paddy fields with straw retention

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  • Wang, Jun
  • Wang, Dejian
  • Zhang, Gang
  • Wang, Yuan
  • Wang, Can
  • Teng, Ying
  • Christie, Peter

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out for three years to examine the concentrations of NH4+-N, NO3−-N and dissolved total phosphorus (TP) in leachates and cumulative leaching losses in rice fields with straw retention under different rates of fertilizer N application. With straw retention, the percolation rate had a significant (p<0.05) negative exponential relationship with the day after rice transplanting, accounting for an average 2.57mmd−1. NH4+-N and NO3−-N concentration in percolation increased with increasing of N fertilizer application rate. Compared to the control (without straw or fertilizer), the wheat straw incorporation with nil N fertilizer decreased the concentration of NH4+-N and NO3−-N but promoted TP concentration. Cumulative inorganic N (NH4+-N+NO3−-N) and P losses were about 14.4 and 0.53kgha−1, accounting for 5.6% and 3.5% of N and P fertilizer applied. NH4+-N leaching losses accounted for 62–97% of the total leaching of inorganic N. Nitrogen leaching losses occurred mainly at the basal fertilizer application stage, accounting for 76.8% of total N leaching. Straw retention reduced the N leaching losses because the straw can enhance microbial N immobilization due to its high C:N ratio. However, the mechanism of straw incorporation impacts on N and P leaching requires more detailed study.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Jun & Wang, Dejian & Zhang, Gang & Wang, Yuan & Wang, Can & Teng, Ying & Christie, Peter, 2014. "Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching losses from intensively managed paddy fields with straw retention," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 66-73.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:141:y:2014:i:c:p:66-73
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2014.04.008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xu, Junzeng & Peng, Shizhang & Yang, Shihong & Wang, Weiguang, 2012. "Ammonia volatilization losses from a rice paddy with different irrigation and nitrogen managements," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 184-192.
    2. Aparicio, V. & Costa, J.L. & Zamora, M., 2008. "Nitrate leaching assessment in a long-term experiment under supplementary irrigation in humid Argentina," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(12), pages 1361-1372, December.
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    6. Han, Huanhao & Gao, Rong & Cui, Yuanlai & Gu, Shixiang, 2021. "Transport and transformation of water and nitrogen under different irrigation modes and urea application regimes in paddy fields," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
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    8. He, Yupu & Jianyun, Zhang & Shihong, Yang & Dalin, Hong & Junzeng, Xu, 2019. "Effect of controlled drainage on nitrogen losses from controlled irrigation paddy fields through subsurface drainage and ammonia volatilization after fertilization," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 231-237.
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    11. Tu, Anguo & Xie, Songhua & Mo, Minghao & Song, Yuejun & Li, Ying, 2021. "Water budget components estimation for a mature citrus orchard of southern China based on HYDRUS-1D model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    12. Juan Hu & Xianjiao Guan & Xihuan Liang & Binqiang Wang & Xianmao Chen & Xiaolin He & Jiang Xie & Guoqiang Deng & Ji Chen & Xiuxiu Li & Caifei Qiu & Yinfei Qian & Chunrui Peng & Kun Zhang & Jin Chen, 2024. "Optimizing the Nitrogen Fertilizer Management to Maximize the Benefit of Straw Returning on Early Rice Yield by Modulating Soil N Availability," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, July.

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