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Nitrate leaching is the main driving factor of soil calcium and magnesium leaching loss in intensive plastic-shed vegetable production systems

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Listed:
  • Zhou, Weiwei
  • Wang, Qunyan
  • Chen, Shuo
  • Chen, Fei
  • Lv, Haofeng
  • Li, Junliang
  • Chen, Qing
  • Zhou, Jianbin
  • Liang, Bin

Abstract

Soil pH is important for influencing soil properties. High input of nitrogen (N) fertilizers and irrigation water has accelerated the soil acidification in plastic-shed greenhouses. However, little is known about the dynamics of soil pH buffering system, especially the base cations, and its response mechanisms under different N management practices. In this study, we investigated the responses of soil Ca2+ and Mg2+ leaching loss to nitrate leaching under different N application rate, N forms, or straw addition. Our long-term experiment in typical greenhouses showed that N application significantly decreased soil pH and increased Ca2+ and Mg2+ leaching loss by 43.1–73.6%, which correlated significantly and positively with nitrate leaching loss. However, optimizing N application and straw incorporation alleviated the leaching loss of Ca2+ and Mg2+ not only by alleviating the accompanying nitrate leaching caused by reduced N input, but also by reducing the conversion of exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ to water-soluble Ca2+ and Mg2+ caused by alleviating soil pH reduction. The laboratory microcosm experiment showed that nitrate application did not reduce soil pH, but significantly increased the leaching loss of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Ammonium sulfate application also significantly increased the leaching loss of Ca2+ and Mg2+, whereas the effects were significantly reversed by nitrification inhibitors. These results further supported the importance of nitrate leaching in promoting the Ca2+ and Mg2+ losses. Together, this study revealed new insights into the dynamics of cation losses mainly regulated by nitrate leaching loss, highlighting that optimizing N management is an effective strategy to alleviate base cation losses and subsequent soil acidification for sustainable agricultural management.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Weiwei & Wang, Qunyan & Chen, Shuo & Chen, Fei & Lv, Haofeng & Li, Junliang & Chen, Qing & Zhou, Jianbin & Liang, Bin, 2024. "Nitrate leaching is the main driving factor of soil calcium and magnesium leaching loss in intensive plastic-shed vegetable production systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:293:y:2024:i:c:s037837742400043x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108708
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Jun & Wang, Dejian & Zhang, Gang & Wang, Yuan & Wang, Can & Teng, Ying & Christie, Peter, 2014. "Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching losses from intensively managed paddy fields with straw retention," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 66-73.
    2. Thompson, R.B. & Martinez-Gaitan, C. & Gallardo, M. & Gimenez, C. & Fernandez, M.D., 2007. "Identification of irrigation and N management practices that contribute to nitrate leaching loss from an intensive vegetable production system by use of a comprehensive survey," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 89(3), pages 261-274, May.
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