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Where the straw-derived nitrogen gone in paddy field subjected to different irrigation regimes and straw placement depths? Evidence from 15N labeling

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  • Chen, Peng
  • Xu, Junzeng
  • Zhang, Zhongxue
  • Nie, Tangzhe
  • Wang, Kechun
  • Guo, Hang

Abstract

Straw-derived N is an organic N source, that plays an important role in agroecosystems. However, quantitatively tracing the release and fate of exogenous straw-derived N in a rice-soil system amended by irrigation regime and straw placement depth is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to determine the release and fate of straw-derived N in the rice-soil system under different irrigation regimes and straw placement depths. 15N-labeled rice straw was used for two consecutive years in a field experiment in Northeast China, and four treatments were established: (i) controlled irrigation + shallow straw return (5 cm depth, CSD1); (ii) controlled irrigation + deep straw return (15 cm depth, CSD2); (iii) flooded irrigation + shallow straw return (5 cm depth, FSD1); and (iv) flooded irrigation + deep straw return (15 cm depth, FSD2). We found that the temporal patterns of straw N release were best described by the one-pool model, which was helpful to predict the straw-derived N fluxes during straw decomposition under different irrigation regimes and straw placement depths. Controlled irrigation and shallow straw placement depth increased the straw N release rate, which was consistent with their effects on straw mass loss, especially in the first rice season, showing a decreasing order of CSD1 > CSD2 > FSD1 > FSD2. Irrigation regime and straw placement depth significantly affected the fate of straw-derived N in the rice-soil system. Controlled irrigation will not only increase plant utilization rates of straw-derived N at different straw placement depths but also promote soil sequestration of straw-derived N and reduce the loss of straw-derived N. Additionally, we also found that placing straw at a shallower depth can also increase straw-derived N utilization by plants. Coupling controlled irrigation and placing straw at a shallower depth (CSD1) resulted in the highest utilization of straw-derived N by plants. However, it is worth noting that placing straw at a shallower depth also increases the loss of straw-derived N, which may increase the risk of environmental pollution in a soil-rice system. This study expanded the theory of straw N release and effective utilization in agroecosystems, which is helpful to better predict gross N fluxes and fates of straw-derived N in the agroecosystem to formulate a scientific and reasonable mode of field management with straw return.

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  • Chen, Peng & Xu, Junzeng & Zhang, Zhongxue & Nie, Tangzhe & Wang, Kechun & Guo, Hang, 2022. "Where the straw-derived nitrogen gone in paddy field subjected to different irrigation regimes and straw placement depths? Evidence from 15N labeling," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:273:y:2022:i:c:s0378377422004681
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107921
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    1. Wei, Qi & Wei, Qi & Xu, Junzeng & Liu, Yuzhou & Wang, Dong & Chen, Shengyu & Qian, Wenhao & He, Min & Chen, Peng & Zhou, Xuanying & Qi, Zhiming, 2024. "Nitrogen losses from soil as affected by water and fertilizer management under drip irrigation: Development, hotspots and future perspectives," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    2. Jianyi Huang & Tangzhe Nie & Tiecheng Li & Peng Chen & Zhongxue Zhang & Shijiang Zhu & Zhongyi Sun & Lihua E, 2022. "Effects of Straw Incorporation Years and Water-Saving Irrigation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Paddy Fields in Cold Region of Northeast China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-15, November.

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