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Demand for education in Turkey: A tobit analysis of private tutoring expenditures

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  1. Carrieri, Vincenzo & Principe, Francesco, 2022. "WHO and for how long? An empirical analysis of the consumers’ response to red meat warning," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
  2. Djavad Salehi-Isfahani & Nadia Belhaj Hassine, 2012. "Equality of Opportunity in Education in the Middle East and North Africa," Working Papers e07-33, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Economics.
  3. Tansel, Aysit, 2012. "Private Tutoring and the Question of Equitable Opportunities in Turkey," IZA Discussion Papers 6626, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  4. Song, Yang & Zhou, Guangsu, 2019. "Inequality of opportunity and household education expenditures: Evidence from panel data in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 85-98.
  5. Hoon Choi & Alvaro Choi, 2015. "When one door closes: the impact of the hagwon curfew on the consumption of private tutoring in the Republic of Korea," Working Papers XREAP2015-06, Xarxa de Referència en Economia Aplicada (XREAP), revised Nov 2015.
  6. Cheolsung Park, 2015. "Labor Market Effects of Participation in Shadow Education: Evidence from South Kore," Korean Economic Review, Korean Economic Association, vol. 31, pages 383-411.
  7. Neji Saidi & Mohieddine Rahmouni, 2022. "Household demand for private tutoring in Tunisia," Post-Print hal-04270372, HAL.
  8. Naoi, Michio & Akabayashi, Hideo & Nakamura, Ryosuke & Nozaki, Kayo & Sano, Shinpei & Senoh, Wataru & Shikishima, Chizuru, 2021. "Causal effects of family income on educational investment and child outcomes: Evidence from a policy reform in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
  9. Berberoglu, Giray & Tansel, Aysit, 2014. "Does private tutoring increase students’ academic performance? Evidence from Turkey," MPRA Paper 57370, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  10. Prakhov, Ilya & Yudkevich, Maria, 2019. "University admission in Russia: Do the wealthier benefit from standardized exams?," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 98-105.
  11. Mehtabul Azam, 2016. "Private Tutoring: Evidence from India," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 20(4), pages 739-761, November.
  12. Lu, Wei & Zhou, Sen & Wei, Yi, 2022. "Government policies and unintended consequences: Rising demand for private supplementary tutoring in China," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
  13. Aysit Tansel & Fatma Bircan, 2008. "Private Supplementary Tutoring in Turkey Recent Evidence on Its Various Aspects," ERC Working Papers 0802, ERC - Economic Research Center, Middle East Technical University, revised Apr 2008.
  14. Pradeep Kumar Choudhury & Amit Kumar, 2022. "How Much do Households Spend on Professional Higher Education in India? Results from a National Survey," Indian Journal of Human Development, , vol. 16(1), pages 77-96, April.
  15. Abdul Malik Iddrisu & Michael Danquah & Alfred Barimah & Williams Ohemeng, 2020. "Gender, age cohort, and household investment in child schooling: New evidence from sub-Saharan Africa," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2020-9, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
  16. Aysit Tansel, 2013. "Supplementary Education in Turkey: Recent Developments and Future Prospectss," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1319, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
  17. Jarvis, Jonathan A. & Read, Amy R. & Dufur, Mikaela J. & Pribesh, Shana, 2022. "Impacts of family structure on shadow education and educational achievement among South Korean youth," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
  18. Sitakanta Panda, 2012. "Legislator characteristics and legislative outcomes in India," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 32(4), pages 3401-3416.
  19. Djavad Salehi-Isfahani & Nadia Hassine & Ragui Assaad, 2014. "Equality of opportunity in educational achievement in the Middle East and North Africa," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 12(4), pages 489-515, December.
  20. Dang, Hai-Anh, 2007. "The determinants and impact of private tutoring classes in Vietnam," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 26(6), pages 683-698, December.
  21. Pan, Zheng & Lien, Donald & Wang, Hao, 2022. "Peer effects and shadow education," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
  22. Kenayathulla, Husaina Banu, 2016. "Gender differences in intra-household educational expenditures in Malaysia," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 59-73.
  23. Tansel, Aysit, 2012. "Private Tutoring and the Question of Equitable Opportunities in Turkey," IZA Discussion Papers 6626, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  24. Bisma Haseeb Khan & Sahar Amjad Shaikh, 2013. "Analyzing the Market for Shadow Education in Pakistan: Does Private Tuition Affect the Learning Gap between Private and Public Schools?," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 18(Special E), pages 129-160, September.
  25. Yuhe Guo & Qihui Chen & Shengying Zhai & Chunchen Pei, 2020. "Does private tutoring improve student learning in China? Evidence from the China Education Panel Survey," Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(3), pages 322-343, September.
  26. Santiago Acerenza & Néstor Gandelman, 2019. "Household Education Spending in Latin America and the Caribbean: Evidence from Income and Expenditure Surveys," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 14(1), pages 61-87, Winter.
  27. Elif Öznur Acar & Seyit Mümin Cilasun & Burak Günalp, 2016. "An Analysis of Education Expenditures in Turkey by Income Groups," Working Papers 991, Economic Research Forum, revised Apr 2016.
  28. Yvonne Wei & Wenyu Guan, 2021. "Should Shadow Education Stay as a Shadow or Exist as Co-curricula Alongside Mainstream Education?," Journal of Educational Issues, Macrothink Institute, vol. 7(1), pages 152167-1521, December.
  29. Farchaini Budi Astuti & Ujang Sumarwan & Ibnul Qayim, 2016. "Prevalence for Private Tuition among Parents, Teachers and Pupils in Public Primary Schools in Machakos County," Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 3(3), pages 115-123.
  30. Tansel, Aysit, 2015. "Inequality of Opportunities of Educational Achievement in Turkey over Time," IZA Discussion Papers 9005, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  31. Glenn P. Jenkins & Hope Amala Anyabolu & Pejman Bahramian, 2019. "Family decision-making for educational expenditure: new evidence from survey data for Nigeria," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(52), pages 5663-5673, November.
  32. Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul & Rahut, Dil Bahadur & Pallegedara, Asankha, 2019. "Spending privately for education in Nepal. Who spends more on it and why?," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 39-47.
  33. Hai-Anh H. Dang & F. Halsey Rogers, 2016. "The Decision to Invest in Child Quality over Quantity: Household Size and Household Investment in Education in Vietnam," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 30(1), pages 104-142.
  34. Choi, Hoon & Choi, Álvaro, 2016. "Regulating private tutoring consumption in Korea: Lessons from another failure," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 144-156.
  35. Acar, Elif Öznur & Günalp, Burak & Cilasun, Seyit Mümin, 2016. "An empirical analysis of household education expenditures in Turkey," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 23-35.
  36. J. G. Hirschberg, J. N. Lye & D. J. Slottje, 2008. "Confidence Intervals for Estimates of Elasticities," Department of Economics - Working Papers Series 1053, The University of Melbourne.
  37. Bray, Mark & Zhan, Shengli & Lykins, Chad & Wang, Dan & Kwo, Ora, 2014. "Differentiated demand for private supplementary tutoring: Patterns and implications in Hong Kong secondary education," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 24-37.
  38. Reem Khalid Abu-Shawish, 2023. "Students’ Perspectives on the Factors That Influence the Use of Private Tutoring Usage in Qatar," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, November.
  39. Safoura Moeeni, 2022. "The Intergenerational Effects of Economic Sanctions," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 36(2), pages 269-304.
  40. Ilya A. Prakhov, 2014. "The Dynamics Of Investment In Pre-Entry Coaching And The Returns From Private Tutoring In Russia," HSE Working papers WP BRP 18/EDU/2014, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
  41. Tansel, Aysit & Bircan, Fatma, 2005. "Effect of Private Tutoring on University Entrance Examination Performance in Turkey," IZA Discussion Papers 1609, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  42. Edward Kim & Joshua Goodman & Martin R. West & Joshua S. Goodman, 2024. "Kumon In: The Recent, Rapid Rise of Private Tutoring Centers," CESifo Working Paper Series 11251, CESifo.
  43. Frisancho, Veronica & Krishna, Kala & Lychagin, Sergey & Yavas, Cemile, 2016. "Better luck next time: Learning through retaking," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 120-135.
  44. Gurun, Ayfer & Millimet, Daniel L., 2008. "Does Private Tutoring Payoff?," IZA Discussion Papers 3637, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  45. Reham Rizk & Ronia Hawash, 2020. "Education Gap and Youth: A Growing Challenge in the MENA Region," LIS Working papers 790, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.
  46. Caner, Asena & Okten, Cagla, 2013. "Higher education in Turkey: Subsidizing the rich or the poor?," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 75-92.
  47. Ebaidalla Mahjoub Ebaidalla, 2017. "Determinants of Household Education Expenditure in Sudan," Working Papers 1138, Economic Research Forum, revised 09 2003.
  48. Sabiha Oltulular, 2024. "Economics of Education: Examining from Different Perspectives," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(3s), pages 4350-4365, September.
  49. Jheng, Ying-Jie, 2015. "The influence of private tutoring on middle-class students’ use of in-class time in formal schools in Taiwan," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 1-8.
  50. Alex Sienaert, 2008. "Some Child Cost Estimates for South Africa," Economics Series Working Papers WPS/2008-15, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
  51. Pal, Sarmistha, 2010. "Public infrastructure, location of private schools and primary school attainment in an emerging economy," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(5), pages 783-794, October.
  52. Pradeep Kumar Choudhury & Angrej Singh Gill & Amit Kumar, 2024. "What drives demand for private tutoring in secondary education? Evidence from India," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 26(3), pages 816-839, December.
  53. Asmat Ullah & Saba Shaukat & Bilal Tariq, 2022. "Household Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Out of Pocket Educational Expenditure in Pakistan," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(4), pages 1-7, December.
  54. Ali Fakih & Nathir Haimoun & Anastasia Sleiman, 2022. "What drives demand for private tutoring in the Middle East and North Africa region? Evidence from a Youth Survey," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 34(2), pages 268-279, June.
  55. Yıldız, Taşkın Deniz, 2023. "How can shares be increased for indigenous peoples in state rights paid by mining companies? An education incentive through direct contribution to the people," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
  56. Adachi, Yoshimi & Kitamura, Tomoki, 2021. "Impact of the Financial Support Program for High School Students in Japan," MPRA Paper 106769, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  57. Hajar, Anas & Karakus, Mehmet, 2024. "A bibliometric analysis of shadow education in Asia: Private supplementary tutoring and its implications," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
  58. Carrieri, V.; & Principe, F.;, 2018. "WHO and for how long? An empirical analysis of the consumers’ response to red meat warning," Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers 18/08, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.
  59. Ruhangawebare, Godfrey Kalemera, 2010. "Factors Affecting The Level Of Commercialization Among Cattle Keepers In The Pastoral Areas Of Uganda," Research Theses 117797, Collaborative Masters Program in Agricultural and Applied Economics.
  60. Hsiao-Lei Chu, 2015. "Private Tutoring, Wealth Constraint and Higher Education," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 20(4), pages 608-634, October.
  61. Guill, Karin & Lintorf, Katrin, 2019. "Private tutoring when stakes are high: Insights from the transition from primary to secondary school in Germany," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 172-182.
  62. Asankha Pallegedara, 2012. "Demand for private tutoring in a free education country. The case of Sri Lanka," International Journal of Education Economics and Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 3(4), pages 375-393.
  63. Assaad, Ragui & Krafft, Caroline, 2015. "Is free basic education in Egypt a reality or a myth?," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 16-30.
  64. Pallegedara, Asankha & Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul, 2018. "Patterns and determinants of private tutoring: The case of Bangladesh households," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 43-50.
  65. Tansel, Aysit, 2015. "Inequality of Opportunities of Educational Achievement in Turkey over Time," IZA Discussion Papers 9005, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  66. Murat Demirci & Meltem Poyraz, 2021. "Post-Compulsory Schooling of Youth in Turkey during the Great Recession: A Case of Pro-cyclical Enrollment," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 2117, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
  67. Reham Rizk & Hala Abou-Ali, 2016. "Out of Pocket Education Expenditure and Household Budget: Evidence from Arab Countries," Working Papers 996, Economic Research Forum, revised May 2016.
  68. Aysit Tansel, 2013. "Supplementary Education in Turkey: Recent Developments and Future Prospectss," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1319, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
  69. Chintawar, Sachin & Mishra, Ashok K. & Gillespie, Jeffrey M., 2009. "The Impact of Adoption of Genetically Modified Corn on the Off-Farm Labor Supply in the United States," 2009 Annual Meeting, January 31-February 3, 2009, Atlanta, Georgia 46832, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
  70. Gooptu, Sayoree & Mukherjee, Vivekananda, 2023. "Does private tuition crowd out private schooling? Evidence from India," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
  71. Sunwoong Kim & Ju-Ho Lee, 2010. "Private Tutoring and Demand for Education in South Korea," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 58(2), pages 259-296, January.
  72. Sibel Selim, 2013. "A comparative analysis on school attainment in Turkey and Malta: application of the Tobit model," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 47(5), pages 2709-2722, August.
  73. CHOI, Álvaro, 2010. "Analysis Of Private Tutoring Decisions In Korea: A Game Theory Approach," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 10(3).
  74. Ebaidalla, Ebaidalla M., 2018. "Understanding Household Education Expenditure in Sudan: Do Poor and Rural Households Spend Less on Education?," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 6(1), January.
  75. Alex Sienaert, 2008. "Some Child Cost Estimates for South Africa," CSAE Working Paper Series 2008-15, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
  76. Indal Kumar & Indrani Roy Chowdhury, 2021. "Shadow Education in India: Participation and Socioeconomic Determinants," Journal of South Asian Development, , vol. 16(2), pages 244-272, August.
  77. Varughese, Aswathy Rachel & Bairagya, Indrajit, 2020. "Group-based educational inequalities in India: Have major education policy interventions been effective?," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
  78. Stuart Cameron, 2012. "Education, Urban Poverty and Migration: Evidence from Bangladesh and Vietnam," Papers inwopa679, Innocenti Working Papers.
  79. ZHAO, Guochang, 2015. "Can money ‘buy’ schooling achievement? Evidence from 19 Chinese cities," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 83-104.
  80. Yeşilırmak, Muharrem, 2016. "A quantitative analysis of Turkish Private Education Reform," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 76-88.
  81. Hirschberg, J.G. & Lye, J.N. & Slottje, D.J., 2008. "Inferential methods for elasticity estimates," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 147(2), pages 299-315, December.
  82. Aswathy Rachel Varughese & Indrajit Bairagya, 2023. "Socio-economic inequalities in spending on various levels of education across Indian households: an update," Indian Economic Review, Springer, vol. 58(1), pages 197-229, June.
  83. Héctor Gertel & Florencia Cámara & Guillermo A. Coseani, 2014. "Private Tutoring: a necessary supplement to admission in Higher Education?," Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación volume 9, in: Adela García Aracil & Isabel Neira Gómez (ed.), Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación 9, edition 1, volume 9, chapter 9, pages 205-222, Asociación de Economía de la Educación.
  84. Mandikiana, Brian W., 2021. "Choice and expenditure: A double hurdle model of private tutoring in Qatar," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-15.
  85. Abdul Malik Iddrisu & Michael Danquah & Alfred Barimah & Williams Ohemeng, 2020. "Gender, age cohort, and household investment in child schooling: New evidence from sub-Saharan Africa," WIDER Working Paper Series wp2020-9, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
  86. Aysit Tansel & Fatma Bircan, 2007. "Private Supplementary Tutoring in Turkey Recent Evidence on Its Various Aspects," Working Papers 2008/9, Turkish Economic Association.
  87. Zhang, Yu, 2013. "Does private tutoring improve students’ National College Entrance Exam performance?—A case study from Jinan, China," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 1-28.
  88. Santiago Acerenza & Néstor Gandelman, 2017. "Household Education Spending in Latin America and the Caribbean: Evidence from Income and Expenditure Surveys," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 98120, Inter-American Development Bank.
  89. Prakhov, Ilya, 2015. "The dynamics of investment in pre-entry coaching and the returns from private tutoring among university applicants in Russia," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 37(1), pages 107-124.
  90. Iddrisu, Abdul Malik & Danquah, Michael & Quartey, Peter & Ohemeng, Williams, 2018. "Gender bias in households’ educational expenditures: Does the stage of schooling matter?," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 10, pages 15-23.
  91. Sieverding, Maia & Krafft, Caroline & Elbadawy, Asmaa, 2017. "“The Teacher Does Not Explain in Class”: An Exploration of the Drivers of Private Tutoring in Egypt," GLO Discussion Paper Series 135, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
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