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Private Supplementary Tutoring in Turkey Recent Evidence on Its Various Aspects

Author

Listed:
  • Aysit Tansel

    (Department of Economics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey and Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Bonn, Germany)

  • Fatma Bircan

    (Department of Economics, Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey)

Abstract

This paper first describes the educational system in Turkey and the two national examinations for advancing to upper levels of schooling, which spur demand for private tutoring called “dersane” in Turkish. Second, the evolution of Private Tutoring Centers (PTCs) is described and compared with high schools in the country. Third, geographical distribution of the PTCs, general high schools and the proportion of high-school-age-population are compared over the provinces to touch on special equity issues. Other topics addressed include gender and PTCs students, disruption of mainstream education, determinants of the demand for PTCs services, cost of PTCs and evidence on the effectiveness of PTCs.

Suggested Citation

  • Aysit Tansel & Fatma Bircan, 2008. "Private Supplementary Tutoring in Turkey Recent Evidence on Its Various Aspects," Working Papers 451, Economic Research Forum, revised 09 Jan 2008.
    • Handle: RePEc:erg:wpaper:451
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tansel, Avsit, 2005. "Public-Private Employment Choice, Wage Differentials, and Gender in Turkey," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 53(2), pages 453-477, January.
    2. Tansel, AysIt & Bircan, Fatma, 2006. "Demand for education in Turkey: A tobit analysis of private tutoring expenditures," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(3), pages 303-313, June.
    3. Aysit Tansel & Fatma Bircan, 2005. "Effect of Private Tutoring on University Entrance Examination Performance in Turkey," ERC Working Papers 0504, ERC - Economic Research Center, Middle East Technical University, revised Jun 2005.
    4. Tansel, Aysit, 1994. "Wage employment, earnings and returns to schooling for men and women in Turkey," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 305-320.
    5. Bray, Mark & Kwok, Percy, 2003. "Demand for private supplementary tutoring: conceptual considerations, and socio-economic patterns in Hong Kong," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(6), pages 611-620, December.
    6. World Bank, 2002. "Arab Republic of Egypt - Education Sector Review : Progress and Priorities for the Future, Volume 1. Main Report," World Bank Publications - Reports 15339, The World Bank Group.
    7. Tansel, Aysit, 2002. "Determinants of school attainment of boys and girls in Turkey: individual, household and community factors," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 455-470, October.
    8. Asmaa Elbadawy & Ragui Assaad & Dennis Ahlburg & Deborah Levison, 2004. "Private and Group Tutoring in Egypt: Where is the Gender Inequality?," Working Papers 0429, Economic Research Forum, revised 11 Nov 2004.
    9. World Bank, 2002. "Arab Republic of Egypt - Education Sector Review : Progress and Priorities for the Future, Volume 2. Statistical Annexes," World Bank Publications - Reports 15313, The World Bank Group.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Tansel, Aysit, 2012. "Private Tutoring and the Question of Equitable Opportunities in Turkey," IZA Discussion Papers 6626, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Berberoglu, Giray & Tansel, Aysit, 2014. "Does private tutoring increase students’ academic performance? Evidence from Turkey," MPRA Paper 57370, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Bhorkar, Shalini & Bray, Mark, 2018. "The expansion and roles of private tutoring in India: From supplementation to supplantation," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 148-156.
    4. Tansel, Aysit, 2012. "Private Tutoring and the Question of Equitable Opportunities in Turkey," IZA Discussion Papers 6626, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Gurun, Ayfer & Millimet, Daniel L., 2008. "Does Private Tutoring Payoff?," IZA Discussion Papers 3637, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Jin Shi & Haiping Xue & Chenchen Fang & Li Luo, 2022. "Can After-School Tutoring Sustainably Empower Preschoolers’ Development? —A Longitudinal Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-16, August.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I22 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Educational Finance; Financial Aid

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