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Les camarades influencent-ils la réussite et le parcours des élèves ? Une revue de littérature sur les effets de pairs dans l’enseignement primaire et secondaire

Author

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  • Olivier Monso

    (OSC - Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, DEPP - Direction de l'évaluation, de la prospective et de la performance - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche)

  • Denis Fougère

    (OSC - Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Pauline Givord

    (Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE))

  • Claudine Pirus

    (DEPP - Direction de l'évaluation, de la prospective et de la performance - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche)

Abstract

En éducation, les effets de pairs résultent des différents types d'interactions entre élèves, au sein d'une même classe ou d'un même établissement. Toutefois, caractériser la nature et mesurer l'influence de ces interactions pose des problèmes méthodologiques substantiels. Ce document vise à présenter les difficultés relatives à la mesure des effets de pairs en éducation, ainsi que les résultats des recherches qui leur ont été consacrées dans l'enseignement primaire et secondaire. Au sein d'un établissement, les élèves sont influencés par la composition socio-économique et le niveau scolaire de leurs pairs. Les élèves de milieu défavorisé, ou en difficulté scolaire, y sont en général plus sensibles. En raison de tels effets, les phénomènes de ségrégation peuvent aggraver les inégalités scolaires. Les résultats des recherches relatives aux effets de pairs ne sont toutefois pas convergents.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Monso & Denis Fougère & Pauline Givord & Claudine Pirus, 2019. "Les camarades influencent-ils la réussite et le parcours des élèves ? Une revue de littérature sur les effets de pairs dans l’enseignement primaire et secondaire," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03456953, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-03456953
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03456953
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