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Le sous-emploi: pourquoi?

Author

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  • Maurice Comte

    (LEFI - Laboratoire d'Economie de la Firme et des Institutions - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2)

Abstract

The under-utilization of manpower is generally evaluated by the rate of unemployment. Because of the insufficiencies of this indicator the ILO has formalized a complementary notion of " underemployment ". In France, during the 1990th, time-related underemployment was quickly growing (+ 96%), contributing to the stabilisation of unemployment. Without any known precedent, this phenomenon can be attributed to a growing need of flexibility (in volume) of manpower, justifying a large use of part-time work. However, analysis shows that this evolution towards a part-time model is not a general phenomenon; this is confirmed by a sector study of french economy. For " industry ", underemployment is very low, not related to unemployment rate, and so appears to be disconnected of the main full-time labour market. For tertiary sector and service industries, visible underemployment is correlated to unemployment and results of the complementarity between the two segments (full-time, part-time) of the labour market. These models are very robust, even for sectors which seem to be out of range. Thus, the time-related underemployment would result of the conjunction of a durable evolution toward a flexible management of the work's duration and of a short-term excess of labour supply. In this case, the lowering of unemployment could induce a serious challenge for the new flexible organizations.

Suggested Citation

  • Maurice Comte, 2005. "Le sous-emploi: pourquoi?," Post-Print hal-00136999, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00136999
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-00136999
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bénédicte Galtier, 1999. "Le temps partiel est-il une passerelle vers le temps plein ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 321(1), pages 79-87.
    2. Gilbert Cette, 1998. "Durée du travail, boucle prix-salaire et taux de chômage d'équilibre," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 64(1), pages 129-146.
    3. Gerhard Bosch, 1997. "Annual working hours: an international comparison," Brussels Economic Review, in: Gerhard Bosch & Danièle Meulders & François Michon (ed.),Le temps de travail, nouveaux enjeux, nouvelles normes, nouvelles mesures - Working time :new issues, new norms, new measures, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    4. Maurice Comte, 1998. "L'approche du chômage par les variantes dans les comparaisons internationales : intérêts et limites ?," Post-Print hal-00152449, HAL.
    5. Bénédicte Gautier & Yannick L'Horty, 2000. "Le temps partiel dans la perspective des 35 heures," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 72(1), pages 99-132.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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