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Effects of Exposure Imprecision on Estimation of the Benchmark Dose

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  • Esben Budtz‐Jørgensen
  • Niels Keiding
  • Philippe Grandjean

Abstract

In regression analysis failure to adjust for imprecision in the exposure variable is likely to lead to underestimation of the exposure effect. However, the consequences of exposure error for determination of safe doses of toxic substances have so far not received much attention. The benchmark approach is one of the most widely used methods for development of exposure limits. An important advantage of this approach is that it can be applied to observational data. However, in this type of data, exposure markers are seldom measured without error. It is shown that, if the exposure error is ignored, then the benchmark approach produces results that are biased toward higher and less protective levels. It is therefore important to take exposure measurement error into account when calculating benchmark doses. Methods that allow this adjustment are described and illustrated in data from an epidemiological study on the health effects of prenatal mercury exposure.

Suggested Citation

  • Esben Budtz‐Jørgensen & Niels Keiding & Philippe Grandjean, 2004. "Effects of Exposure Imprecision on Estimation of the Benchmark Dose," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(6), pages 1689-1696, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:24:y:2004:i:6:p:1689-1696
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00560.x
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    1. Esben Budtz-Jørgensen & Niels Keiding & Philippe Grandjean, 2001. "Benchmark Dose Calculation from Epidemiological Data," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 57(3), pages 698-706, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Miwako Dakeishi & Katsuyuki Murata & Akiko Tamura & Toyoto Iwata, 2006. "Relation Between Benchmark Dose and No‐Observed‐Adverse‐Effect Level in Clinical Research: Effects of Daily Alcohol Intake on Blood Pressure in Japanese Salesmen," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(1), pages 115-123, February.
    2. Francisco Picado & Alfredo Mendoza & Steven Cuadra & Gerhard Barmen & Kristina Jakobsson & Göran Bengtsson, 2010. "Ecological, Groundwater, and Human Health Risk Assessment in a Mining Region of Nicaragua," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(6), pages 916-933, June.

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