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Unwilling or unable? spatial and socio-economic restrictions on females' labour market access

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  • Maarten Van Ham
  • Felix Buchel

Abstract

Van Ham M. and Buchel F. (2006) Unwilling or unable? Spatial and socio-economic restrictions on females' labour market access, Regional Studies 40, 345-357. The effects of regional structures on both females' willingness to work and the probability of being employed for those willing to work are analysed. Special permission was granted to link regional data to individual respondents in the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). Results of a bivariate probit model correcting for sample selection show that high regional unemployment discourages women from entering the labour market. Those willing to work find it easier to do so if they live in regions with low regional female unemployment rates, at a short distance from the next agglomeration, and - for mothers - with a high density of childcare provision. Van Ham M. et Buchel F. (2006) Peu disposees ou incapables? Les limites geographiques et socio-economiques a l'insertion des femmes dans le marche du travail, Regional Studies 40, 345-357. On cherche a analyser l'impact des structures regionales a la fois sur la disposition des femmes a travailler et sur la probabilite de trouver un emploi de celles qui sont disposees a travailler. A titre exceptionnel, on a pu lier des donnees regionales a l'echantillon permanent socio-economique allemand (German Socio-Economic Panel - GSOEP). Les resultats d'un modele probit a deux variables, qui corrige en fonction de la selection de l'echantillon, demontrent qu'un taux de chomage regional eleve decourage les femmes de s'inserer dans le marche du travail. Celles qui sont disposees a travailler le trouvent plus facile si elles habitent des zones ou le taux de chomage feminin regional s'avere peu eleve, qui sont a peu de distance de l'agglomeration limitrophe, et - pour les meres - ou les creches sont a forte densite. Offre d'emploi feminin, Marches du travail regionaux, Creches, Modele probit a deux variables, Allemagne Van Ham M. und Buchel F. (2006) Nicht gewillt oder nicht in der Lage? Raumliche und sozio-okonomische Einschrankungen des Zugangs zum Arbeitsmarkt fur Frauen, Regional Studies 40, 345-357. Dieser Aufsatz analysiert die Auswirkungen regionaler Strukturen auf die Bereitschaft von Frauen, einem Erwerb nachzugehen, und die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Erwerbstatigkeit fur solche, die willens sind. Den Autoren wurde gestattet, regionale Daten mit einzelnen Teilnehmern der deutschen sozio-okonomischen Vertretung (German Socio-economic Panel = GSEP) zu verbinden. Ergebnisse einer zweifach variablen Probitmodellkorektur fur Stichprobenauswahl zeigen, dass hochgradige regionale Erwerbslosigkeit Frauen vom Einstieg ins Erwerbsleben abhalt. Diejenigen, die arbeiten wollen, finden es leichter, diesen Vorsatz zu verwirklichen, wenn sie in Regionen leben, die geringe Erwerbslosigkeitsraten unter Frauen aufweisen, wenn die Entfernung zur nachsten Agglomeration nicht weit ist, und, soweit sie Mutter sind, ihnen eine gute Auswahl von Angeboten der Kinderpflege entgegenkommt. Angebot weiblicher Arbeitskrafte, regionale Arbeitsmarkte, Bereitstellung von Kinderpflege, zweifach variables Probitmodell, Deutschland Van Ham M. y Buchel F. (2006) ¿No quieren o no pueden? Limitaciones espaciales y socioeconomicas de las mujeres para acceder al mercado laboral, Regional Studies 40, 345-357. Analizamos cuales son los efectos de las estructuras regionales con respecto a la disposicion de las mujeres para el trabajo y la probabilidad de que las que desean trabajar sean contratadas. Recibimos una autorizacion especial para poder vincular los datos regionales con entrevistados individuales en el panel socioeconomico aleman. Los resultados de un modelo probit bivariado para corregir por seleccion muestral indican que el alto nivel de desempleo regional desanima a las mujeres a entrar en el mercado laboral. Las que quieren trabajar hallan empleo antes si viven en regiones con tasas bajas de desempleo femenino, a una corta distancia de la siguiente aglomeracion, y en el caso de madres, si existe una alta densidad de cobertura de atencion a la infancia. Mercado laboral femenino, Mercados laborales regionales, Cobertura de atencion a la infancia, Modelo probit bivariado, Alemania

Suggested Citation

  • Maarten Van Ham & Felix Buchel, 2006. "Unwilling or unable? spatial and socio-economic restrictions on females' labour market access," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(3), pages 345-357.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:40:y:2006:i:3:p:345-357
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400600632663
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    2. Dante Contreras Guajardo & Diana kruger & Marcelo Ochoa & Daniela Zapata, 2007. "The role of social networks in employment outcomes of Bolivian women," Working Papers wp251, University of Chile, Department of Economics.
    3. Dante Contreras & Daniela Zapata & Diana Kruger & Marcelo Ochoa, 2007. "The Role of Social Networks in the Economic Opportunities of Bolivian Women," Research Department Publications 3240, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    4. C. Katharina Spieß, 2011. "Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf – wie wirksam sind deutsche „Care Policies“?," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 12(s1), pages 4-27, May.
    5. Beata Nowok & Maarten van Ham & Allan M Findlay & Vernon Gayle, 2013. "Does Migration Make You Happy? A Longitudinal Study of Internal Migration and Subjective Well-Being," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 45(4), pages 986-1002, April.
    6. Maarten Van Ham & Allan Findlay & David Manley & Peteke Feijten, 2011. "Social mobility: Is there a benefit of being English in Scotland?," ERSA conference papers ersa10p463, European Regional Science Association.
    7. Edith de Meester & Maarten van Ham, 2009. "Symmetry and Asymmetry in Working and Commuting Arrangements between Partners in the Netherlands: Does the Residential Context Matter?," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 41(9), pages 2181-2200, September.
    8. Zhanhui Fu & Hongqiang Jiang & Jiajun Qiao & Xiaojun Jiang & Weichun He, 2023. "Gender Differences in Migrant Workers’ Wages and Their Influencing Factors in the Central Hilly Regions of China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-16, July.
    9. Florence Lebert & Marieke Voorpostel, 2016. "Turnover as a Strategy to Escape Job Insecurity: The Role of Family Determinants in Dual-Earner Couples," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 37(3), pages 407-421, September.
    10. Liv Osland, 2010. "Spatial Variation in Job Accessibility and Gender: An Intraregional Analysis using Hedonic House-Price Estimation," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 42(9), pages 2220-2237, September.
    11. Wim Van Lancker & Joris Ghysels, 2010. "Female employment, institutions and the role of reference groups: a multilevel analysis of 22 European countries," Working Papers 1002, Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy, University of Antwerp.
    12. Bechara, Peggy & Eilers, Lea & Paloyo, Alfredo R., 2015. "In Good Company – Neighborhood Quality and Female Employment," Ruhr Economic Papers 535, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    13. Páez, Antonio & Scott, Darren M. & Morency, Catherine, 2012. "Measuring accessibility: positive and normative implementations of various accessibility indicators," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 141-153.
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    15. Dante Contreras & Daniela Zapata & Diana Kruger & Marcelo Ochoa, 2007. "El papel de las redes sociales en las oportunidades económicas de las mujeres de Bolivia," Research Department Publications 3241, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.

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