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Effect of DEM Resolution, Source, Resampling Technique and Area Threshold on SWAT Outputs

Author

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  • Mou Leong Tan

    (Universiti Sains Malaysia)

  • Hilmi P. Ramli

    (Wisma Air Kelantan Sdn Bhd
    Universiti Teknologi Malaysia)

  • Tze Huey Tam

    (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia)

Abstract

Application of an inappropriate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) might lead to uncertainty in modelling of the hydrological cycle. The novelty of this work is the development of a comprehensive framework to evaluate the effect of DEM resolution (12 to 500 m), source (TanDEM-X, SRTM, AW3D30 and ASTER GDEM2), resampling technique (nearest neighbour, bilinear interpolation, cubic convolution and majority) and area threshold (1000 to 50,000 ha) on Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) outputs based on five criteria: (1) river network extraction, (2) streamflow simulation, (3) topography, slope and basin characteristics, (4) hydrological and (5) water quality simulations. Kelantan River Basin, a tropical basin in Peninsular Malaysia was selected as study area. The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) TanDEM-X had better river network extraction capability than ASTER GDEM2, (2) better monthly streamflow simulations were obtained between 20 m and 60 m DEM resolutions, with the smallest area threshold (1000 ha), (3) TanDEM-X and SRTM DEMs outperformed ASTER GDEM2 on monthly streamflow simulation, (4) DEM resolution, source and resampling technique were insensitive to most of the hydrological components, except the lateral flow, (5) area threshold was sensitive to SWAT-simulated surface runoff, soil water content and evapotranspiration, (6) DEM scenarios had a larger impact on sediment yield simulations compared to the total nitrogen and total phosphorus simulations. We recommend a preliminary assessment of DEM uncertainties on SWAT outputs to obtain more reliable modelling outputs.

Suggested Citation

  • Mou Leong Tan & Hilmi P. Ramli & Tze Huey Tam, 2018. "Effect of DEM Resolution, Source, Resampling Technique and Area Threshold on SWAT Outputs," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(14), pages 4591-4606, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:32:y:2018:i:14:d:10.1007_s11269-018-2072-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-018-2072-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gassman, Philip W. & Reyes, Manuel R. & Green, Colleen H. & Arnold, Jeffrey G., 2007. "The Soil and Water Assessment Tool: Historical Development, Applications, and Future Research Directions," ISU General Staff Papers 200701010800001027, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    2. Manish Kumar Goyal & Venkatesh K. Panchariya & Ashutosh Sharma & Vishal Singh, 2018. "Comparative Assessment of SWAT Model Performance in two Distinct Catchments under Various DEM Scenarios of Varying Resolution, Sources and Resampling Methods," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(2), pages 805-825, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ji Shen & Fangbi Tan, 2020. "Effects of DEM resolution and resampling technique on building treatment for urban inundation modeling: a case study for the 2016 flooding of the HUST campus in Wuhan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 104(1), pages 927-957, October.
    2. Shizhou Ma & Karen F. Beazley & Patrick Nussey & Christopher S. Greene, 2021. "Assessing Optimal Digital Elevation Model Selection for Active River Area Delineation Across Broad Regions," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(14), pages 4825-4840, November.
    3. Harikrishna Sukumaran & Sanat Nalini Sahoo, 2020. "A Methodological Framework for Identification of Baseline Scenario and Assessing the Impact of DEM Scenarios on SWAT Model Outputs," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(15), pages 4795-4814, December.

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    Keywords

    DEM; Resolution; TanDEM-X; SRTM; ASTER; SWAT;
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