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The use of Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands in Wastewater Treatment

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  • Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis

    (National Technical University of Athens)

Abstract

Alternative to conventional (i.e., the commonly used biological plants) wastewater treatment systems are presented which are appropriate for small communities and settlements. These systems are the natural treatment systems. The emphasis here is given on vertical downflow flow constructed wetlands (VF CWs). First, advantages and disadvantages of these systems are presented compared to conventional systems. Applications in treating different types of wastewaters and various pollutants are summarized. Components, treatment processes and performance are also presented. General description of facility compartments, layout and operation is given. Design guidelines on recommended unit areas, organic loading rates and hydraulic loading rates from various EU countries for VF CW systems used in municipal wastewater treatment, and data on the efficiency of such systems are also presented. Maintenance and operation issues are discussed. Finally, investment and operation and maintenance costs are addressed based on data from full-scale facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis, 2017. "The use of Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands in Wastewater Treatment," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(10), pages 3245-3270, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:31:y:2017:i:10:d:10.1007_s11269-017-1710-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-017-1710-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maria A. Economopoulou & Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis, 2004. "Design Methodology of Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 18(6), pages 541-565, December.
    2. Vassilios Tsihrintzis & Rizwan Hamid, 1997. "Modeling and Management of Urban Stormwater Runoff Quality: A Review," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 11(2), pages 136-164, April.
    3. Maria Economopoulou & Vassilios Tsihrintzis, 2003. "Design Methodology and Area Sensitivity Analysis of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 17(2), pages 147-174, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ismael Vera-Puerto & Hugo Valdés & Christian Correa & Valeria Perez & Roberto Gomez & Erica Alarcon & Carlos Arias, 2021. "Evaluation of Bed Depth Reduction, Media Change, and Partial Saturation as Combined Strategies to Modify in Vertical Treatment Wetlands," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Zorica Srđević & Bojan Srđević & Kosana Suvočarev & Laslo Galamboš, 2020. "Hybrid Constructed Wetland Selection as a Group Decision-Making Problem," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(1), pages 295-310, January.
    3. Fazila Younas & Irshad Bibi & Muhammad Afzal & Nabeel Khan Niazi & Zubair Aslam, 2022. "Elucidating the Potential of Vertical Flow-Constructed Wetlands Vegetated with Different Wetland Plant Species for the Remediation of Chromium-Contaminated Water," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, April.
    4. George Pavlidis & Ioanna Zotou & Helen Karasali & Anna Marousopoulou & Georgios Bariamis & Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis & Ioannis Nalbantis, 2022. "Performance of Pilot-scale Constructed Floating Wetlands in the Removal of Nutrients and Pesticides," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(1), pages 399-416, January.
    5. George Tsakiris, 2017. "Facets of Modern Water Resources Management: Prolegomena," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(10), pages 2899-2904, August.

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