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Development of a Glacio-hydrological Model for Discharge and Mass Balance Reconstruction

Author

Listed:
  • Rajesh Kumar

    (Sharda University)

  • Shaktiman Singh

    (Sharda University)

  • Ramesh Kumar

    (Sharda University)

  • Atar Singh

    (Sharda University)

  • Anshuman Bhardwaj

    (Sharda University
    Luleå University of Technology)

  • Lydia Sam

    (Sharda University
    Defence Terrain Research Laboratory)

  • Surjeet Singh Randhawa

    (State Council for Science, Technology. & Environment)

  • Akhilesh Gupta

    (Department of Science & Technology)

Abstract

The reconstruction of glacio-hydrological records for the data deficient Himalayan catchments is needed in order to study the past and future water availability. The study provides outcomes of a glacio-hydrological model based on the degree-day approach. The model simulates the discharge and mass balance for glacierised Shaune Garang catchment. The degree-day factors for different land covers, used in the model, were estimated using daily stake measurements on Shaune Garang glacier and they were found to be varying between 2.6 ± 0.4 and 9.3 ± 0.3 mm °C−1day−1. The model is validated using observed discharge during ablation season of 2014 with coefficient of determination (R2) 0.90 and root mean square error (RMSE) 1.05 m3 sec−1. The model is used to simulate discharge from 1985 to 2008 and mass balance from 2001 to 2008. The model results show significant contribution of seasonal snow and ice melt in total discharge of the catchment, especially during summer. We observe the maximum discharge in July having maximum contribution from snow and ice melt. The annual melt season discharge shows following a decreasing trend in the simulation period. The reconstructed mass balance shows mass loss of 0.89 m we per year between 2001 and 2008 with slight mass gain during 2000/01 and 2004/05 hydrological years.

Suggested Citation

  • Rajesh Kumar & Shaktiman Singh & Ramesh Kumar & Atar Singh & Anshuman Bhardwaj & Lydia Sam & Surjeet Singh Randhawa & Akhilesh Gupta, 2016. "Development of a Glacio-hydrological Model for Discharge and Mass Balance Reconstruction," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(10), pages 3475-3492, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:30:y:2016:i:10:d:10.1007_s11269-016-1364-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-016-1364-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Manohar Arora & Pratap Singh & N. Goel & R. Singh, 2006. "Spatial Distribution and Seasonal Variability of Rainfall in a Mountainous Basin in the Himalayan Region," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 20(4), pages 489-508, August.
    2. Sanjay Jain & Pratap Singh & A. Saraf & S. Seth, 2003. "Estimation of Sediment Yield for a Rain, Snow and Glacier Fed River in the Western Himalayan Region," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 17(5), pages 377-393, October.
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    5. Deepak Srivastava & Amit Kumar & Akshaya Verma & Siddharth Swaroop, 2014. "Analysis of Climate and Melt-runoff in Dunagiri Glacier of Garhwal Himalaya (India)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(10), pages 3035-3055, August.
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    2. Xiaoyan Wang & Tao Yang & Chong-Yu Xu & Lihua Xiong & Pengfei Shi & Zhenya Li, 2020. "The response of runoff components and glacier mass balance to climate change for a glaciated high-mountainous catchment in the Tianshan Mountains," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 104(2), pages 1239-1258, November.

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