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A Nonparametric Test of Missing Completely at Random for Incomplete Multivariate Data

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  • Jun Li
  • Yao Yu

Abstract

Missing data occur in many real world studies. Knowing the type of missing mechanisms is important for adopting appropriate statistical analysis procedure. Many statistical methods assume missing completely at random (MCAR) due to its simplicity. Therefore, it is necessary to test whether this assumption is satisfied before applying those procedures. In the literature, most of the procedures for testing MCAR were developed under normality assumption which is sometimes difficult to justify in practice. In this paper, we propose a nonparametric test of MCAR for incomplete multivariate data which does not require distributional assumptions. The proposed test is carried out by comparing the distributions of the observed data across different missing-pattern groups. We prove that the proposed test is consistent against any distributional differences in the observed data. Simulation shows that the proposed procedure has the Type I error well controlled at the nominal level for testing MCAR and also has good power against a variety of non-MCAR alternatives. Copyright The Psychometric Society 2015

Suggested Citation

  • Jun Li & Yao Yu, 2015. "A Nonparametric Test of Missing Completely at Random for Incomplete Multivariate Data," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 80(3), pages 707-726, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:psycho:v:80:y:2015:i:3:p:707-726
    DOI: 10.1007/s11336-014-9410-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kevin Kim & Peter Bentler, 2002. "Tests of homogeneity of means and covariance matrices for multivariate incomplete data," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 67(4), pages 609-623, December.
    2. Mortaza Jamshidian & Siavash Jalal, 2010. "Tests of Homoscedasticity, Normality, and Missing Completely at Random for Incomplete Multivariate Data," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 75(4), pages 649-674, December.
    3. Annie Qu, 2002. "Testing ignorable missingness in estimating equation approaches for longitudinal data," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 89(4), pages 841-850, December.
    4. Szekely, Gábor J. & Rizzo, Maria L., 2005. "A new test for multivariate normality," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 58-80, March.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Nobumichi Shutoh & Takahiro Nishiyama & Masashi Hyodo, 2017. "Bartlett correction to the likelihood ratio test for MCAR with two-step monotone sample," Statistica Neerlandica, Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research, vol. 71(3), pages 184-199, August.
    3. Shen‐Ming Lee & Wen‐Han Hwang & Jean de Dieu Tapsoba, 2016. "Estimation in closed capture–recapture models when covariates are missing at random," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 72(4), pages 1294-1304, December.
    4. Ke-Hai Yuan & Mortaza Jamshidian & Yutaka Kano, 2018. "Missing Data Mechanisms and Homogeneity of Means and Variances–Covariances," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 83(2), pages 425-442, June.

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