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The effect of green spaces on the urban thermal environment during a hot-dry season: a case study of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Author

Listed:
  • Michael C. Ekwe

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Fatimah Adamu

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Joseph Gana

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Grace Chika Nwafor

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Rabi Usman

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Jemimah Nom

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Ogonnaya D. Onu

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Oluwatola Ibukun Adedeji

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Shaba A. Halilu

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

  • Olaide M. Aderoju

    (National Space Research and Development Agency)

Abstract

Improving the planning and management of urban green spaces can cause a drastic reduction in land surface temperature (LST). This research explored the geospatial techniques in assessing the effect of green spaces on the thermal environment of Port Harcourt, Nigeria during a hot-dry season. In this study, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) were employed to investigate the effects of vegetation distribution of urban green spaces on the urban thermal environment. LST maps were retrieved from the Thermal Infrared Sensor data of Landsat 8 acquired on 27 December 2018, while urban green spaces were extracted from high-resolution Google Earth Pro imagery. The results showed that a strong negative relationship exists between NDVI and LST, as well as between SAVI and LST which showed that urban green spaces have proven to have substantial cooling effects on the urban thermal environment within the study area. Results further revealed that increasing the area of green spaces to 28.67 ha and above will ensure the attainment of a stronger Park Cooling Intensity (PCI) effect. On the other hand, green spaces which are 8.28 ha or less have a lower PCI effect. The shape (perimeter/area) of green spaces has proven to have a negative correlation with the PCI effect. Green spaces with near-circular configurations will produce a stronger PCI effect. The role of urban greenery in mitigating high discomfort experienced in urban environments is crucial to urban planners and managers in the design of green spaces with a high cooling effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael C. Ekwe & Fatimah Adamu & Joseph Gana & Grace Chika Nwafor & Rabi Usman & Jemimah Nom & Ogonnaya D. Onu & Oluwatola Ibukun Adedeji & Shaba A. Halilu & Olaide M. Aderoju, 2021. "The effect of green spaces on the urban thermal environment during a hot-dry season: a case study of Port Harcourt, Nigeria," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(7), pages 10056-10079, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:7:d:10.1007_s10668-020-01046-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-01046-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Majid Amani-Beni & Biao Zhang & Gao-Di Xie & Yunting Shi, 2019. "Impacts of Urban Green Landscape Patterns on Land Surface Temperature: Evidence from the Adjacent Area of Olympic Forest Park of Beijing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Max Anjos & António Lopes, 2017. "Urban Heat Island and Park Cool Island Intensities in the Coastal City of Aracaju, North-Eastern Brazil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-17, August.
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    4. Xinjun Wang & Haoming Cheng & Juan Xi & Guoying Yang & Yanwen Zhao, 2018. "Relationship between Park Composition, Vegetation Characteristics and Cool Island Effect," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-14, February.
    5. Sun, Ranhao & Chen, Liding, 2017. "Effects of green space dynamics on urban heat islands: Mitigation and diversification," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 38-46.
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    1. Maryam Norouzi & Hing-Wah Chau & Elmira Jamei, 2024. "Design and Site-Related Factors Impacting the Cooling Performance of Urban Parks in Different Climate Zones: A Systematic Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-42, December.

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