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Demonstration of microwave single-shot quantum key distribution

Author

Listed:
  • Florian Fesquet

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Technical University of Munich)

  • Fabian Kronowetter

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Technical University of Munich
    Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG)

  • Michael Renger

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Technical University of Munich)

  • Wun Kwan Yam

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Technical University of Munich)

  • Simon Gandorfer

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Technical University of Munich)

  • Kunihiro Inomata

    (RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC)
    National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)

  • Yasunobu Nakamura

    (RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC)
    The University of Tokyo)

  • Achim Marx

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften)

  • Rudolf Gross

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Technical University of Munich
    Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST))

  • Kirill G. Fedorov

    (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Technical University of Munich
    Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST))

Abstract

Security of modern classical data encryption often relies on computationally hard problems, which can be trivialized with the advent of quantum computers. A potential remedy for this is quantum communication which takes advantage of the laws of quantum physics to provide secure exchange of information. Here, quantum key distribution (QKD) represents a powerful tool, allowing for unconditionally secure quantum communication between remote parties. At the same time, microwave quantum communication is set to play an important role in future quantum networks because of its natural frequency compatibility with superconducting quantum processors and modern near-distance communication standards. To this end, we present an experimental realization of a continuous-variable QKD protocol based on propagating displaced squeezed microwave states. We use superconducting parametric devices for generation and single-shot quadrature detection of these states. We demonstrate unconditional security in our experimental microwave QKD setting. The security performance is shown to be improved by adding finite trusted noise on the preparation side. Our results indicate feasibility of secure microwave quantum communication with the currently available technology in both open-air (up to ~ 80 m) and cryogenic (over 1000 m) conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Florian Fesquet & Fabian Kronowetter & Michael Renger & Wun Kwan Yam & Simon Gandorfer & Kunihiro Inomata & Yasunobu Nakamura & Achim Marx & Rudolf Gross & Kirill G. Fedorov, 2024. "Demonstration of microwave single-shot quantum key distribution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-51421-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51421-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Frank Arute & Kunal Arya & Ryan Babbush & Dave Bacon & Joseph C. Bardin & Rami Barends & Rupak Biswas & Sergio Boixo & Fernando G. S. L. Brandao & David A. Buell & Brian Burkett & Yu Chen & Zijun Chen, 2019. "Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor," Nature, Nature, vol. 574(7779), pages 505-510, October.
    2. S. Pogorzalek & K. G. Fedorov & M. Xu & A. Parra-Rodriguez & M. Sanz & M. Fischer & E. Xie & K. Inomata & Y. Nakamura & E. Solano & A. Marx & F. Deppe & R. Gross, 2019. "Secure quantum remote state preparation of squeezed microwave states," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-6, December.
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