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Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states

Author

Listed:
  • Frédéric Grosshans

    (Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique, CNRS UMR 8501)

  • Gilles Van Assche

    (Ecole Polytechnique, CP 165, Université Libre de Bruxelles)

  • Jérôme Wenger

    (Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique, CNRS UMR 8501)

  • Rosa Brouri

    (Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique, CNRS UMR 8501)

  • Nicolas J. Cerf

    (Ecole Polytechnique, CP 165, Université Libre de Bruxelles)

  • Philippe Grangier

    (Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique, CNRS UMR 8501)

Abstract

Quantum continuous variables1 are being explored2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14 as an alternative means to implement quantum key distribution, which is usually based on single photon counting15. The former approach is potentially advantageous because it should enable higher key distribution rates. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a quantum key distribution protocol based on the transmission of gaussian-modulated coherent states (consisting of laser pulses containing a few hundred photons) and shot-noise-limited homodyne detection; squeezed or entangled beams are not required13. Complete secret key extraction is achieved using a reverse reconciliation14 technique followed by privacy amplification. The reverse reconciliation technique is in principle secure for any value of the line transmission, against gaussian individual attacks based on entanglement and quantum memories. Our table-top experiment yields a net key transmission rate of about 1.7 megabits per second for a loss-free line, and 75 kilobits per second for a line with losses of 3.1 dB. We anticipate that the scheme should remain effective for lines with higher losses, particularly because the present limitations are essentially technical, so that significant margin for improvement is available on both the hardware and software.

Suggested Citation

  • Frédéric Grosshans & Gilles Van Assche & Jérôme Wenger & Rosa Brouri & Nicolas J. Cerf & Philippe Grangier, 2003. "Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states," Nature, Nature, vol. 421(6920), pages 238-241, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:421:y:2003:i:6920:d:10.1038_nature01289
    DOI: 10.1038/nature01289
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Wenhao Yin & Yuhan Zhou & Duan Huang, 2023. "Denial-of-Service Attack Defense Strategy for Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution via Deep Learning," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Chen, Zhou & Chen, Zhaofeng & Yang, Zhaogang & Hu, Jiaming & Yang, Yong & Chang, Lingqian & Lee, L. James & Xu, Tengzhou, 2015. "Preparation and characterization of vacuum insulation panels with super-stratified glass fiber core material," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 945-954.
    3. Yiwu Zhu & Lei Mao & Hui Hu & Yijun Wang & Ying Guo, 2022. "Adaptive Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete Modulation Regulative in Free Space," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(23), pages 1-8, November.
    4. Florian Fesquet & Fabian Kronowetter & Michael Renger & Wun Kwan Yam & Simon Gandorfer & Kunihiro Inomata & Yasunobu Nakamura & Achim Marx & Rudolf Gross & Kirill G. Fedorov, 2024. "Demonstration of microwave single-shot quantum key distribution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    5. Zhiyue Zuo & Wenqi Peng & Hui Xian & Wenqi Jiang & Hao Luo & Sha Xiong & Ying Guo, 2023. "Suppression of Fading Noise in Satellite-Mediated Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution via Clusterization," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-13, August.
    6. Chen, Lingli & Li, Qin & Liu, Chengdong & Peng, Yu & Yu, Fang, 2021. "Efficient mediated semi-quantum key distribution," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 582(C).
    7. Hung-Wen Wang & Chia-Wei Tsai & Jason Lin & Yu-Yun Huang & Chun-Wei Yang, 2022. "Efficient and Secure Measure-Resend Authenticated Semi-Quantum Key Distribution Protocol against Reflecting Attack," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, April.

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