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Achieving volatile potassium promoted ammonia synthesis via mechanochemistry

Author

Listed:
  • Jong-Hoon Kim

    (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST))

  • Tian-Yi Dai

    (Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University)

  • Mihyun Yang

    (Pohang University of Science and Technology)

  • Jeong-Min Seo

    (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST))

  • Jae Seong Lee

    (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST))

  • Do Hyung Kweon

    (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST))

  • Xing-You Lang

    (Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University)

  • Kyuwook Ihm

    (Pohang University of Science and Technology)

  • Tae Joo Shin

    (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST))

  • Gao-Feng Han

    (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
    Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University)

  • Qing Jiang

    (Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University)

  • Jong-Beom Baek

    (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST))

Abstract

Potassium oxide (K2O) is used as a promotor in industrial ammonia synthesis, although metallic potassium (K) is better in theory. The reason K2O is used is because metallic K, which volatilizes around 400 °C, separates from the catalyst in the harsh ammonia synthesis conditions of the Haber-Bosch process. To maximize the efficiency of ammonia synthesis, using metallic K with low temperature reaction below 400 °C is prerequisite. Here, we synthesize ammonia using metallic K and Fe as a catalyst via mechanochemical process near ambient conditions (45 °C, 1 bar). The final ammonia concentration reaches as high as 94.5 vol%, which was extraordinarily higher than that of the Haber-Bosch process (25.0 vol%, 450 °C, 200 bar) and our previous work (82.5 vol%, 45 °C, 1 bar).

Suggested Citation

  • Jong-Hoon Kim & Tian-Yi Dai & Mihyun Yang & Jeong-Min Seo & Jae Seong Lee & Do Hyung Kweon & Xing-You Lang & Kyuwook Ihm & Tae Joo Shin & Gao-Feng Han & Qing Jiang & Jong-Beom Baek, 2023. "Achieving volatile potassium promoted ammonia synthesis via mechanochemistry," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-38050-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38050-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Suzanne Z. Andersen & Viktor Čolić & Sungeun Yang & Jay A. Schwalbe & Adam C. Nielander & Joshua M. McEnaney & Kasper Enemark-Rasmussen & Jon G. Baker & Aayush R. Singh & Brian A. Rohr & Michael J. St, 2019. "A rigorous electrochemical ammonia synthesis protocol with quantitative isotope measurements," Nature, Nature, vol. 570(7762), pages 504-508, June.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jikai Sun & Rui Tu & Yuchun Xu & Hongyan Yang & Tie Yu & Dong Zhai & Xiuqin Ci & Weiqiao Deng, 2024. "Machine learning aided design of single-atom alloy catalysts for methane cracking," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Xiong, Chuhao & Wu, Jin & Ji, Zhengang & Wu, Ye & Liu, Dong, 2024. "Unraveling the role of alkali metal in the biochar for enhancing the chemical looping ammonia generation efficiency," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).

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