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Terahertz waveform synthesis in integrated thin-film lithium niobate platform

Author

Listed:
  • Alexa Herter

    (ETH Zurich, Institute of Quantum Electronics)

  • Amirhassan Shams-Ansari

    (Harvard University)

  • Francesca Fabiana Settembrini

    (ETH Zurich, Institute of Quantum Electronics)

  • Hana K. Warner

    (Harvard University)

  • Jérôme Faist

    (ETH Zurich, Institute of Quantum Electronics)

  • Marko Lončar

    (Harvard University)

  • Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus

    (EPF Lausanne, Hybrid Photonics Laboratory)

Abstract

Bridging the “terahertz gap“ relies upon synthesizing arbitrary waveforms in the terahertz domain enabling applications that require both narrow band sources for sensing and few-cycle drives for classical and quantum objects. However, realization of custom-tailored waveforms needed for these applications is currently hindered due to limited flexibility for optical rectification of femtosecond pulses in bulk crystals. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that thin-film lithium niobate circuits provide a versatile solution for such waveform synthesis by combining the merits of complex integrated architectures, low-loss distribution of pump pulses on-chip, and an efficient optical rectification. Our distributed pulse phase-matching scheme grants shaping the temporal, spectral, phase, amplitude, and farfield characteristics of the emitted terahertz field through designer on-chip components. This strictly circumvents prior limitations caused by the phase-delay mismatch in conventional systems and relaxes the requirement for cumbersome spectral pre-engineering of the pumping light. We propose a toolbox of basic blocks that produce broadband emission up to 680 GHz and far-field amplitudes of a few V m−1 with adaptable phase and coherence properties by using near-infrared pump pulse energies below 100 pJ.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexa Herter & Amirhassan Shams-Ansari & Francesca Fabiana Settembrini & Hana K. Warner & Jérôme Faist & Marko Lončar & Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus, 2023. "Terahertz waveform synthesis in integrated thin-film lithium niobate platform," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-35517-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35517-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus & Francesca Fabiana Settembrini & Giacomo Scalari & Jérôme Faist, 2019. "Electric field correlation measurements on the electromagnetic vacuum state," Nature, Nature, vol. 568(7751), pages 202-206, April.
    2. Jianjun Ma & Rabi Shrestha & Jacob Adelberg & Chia-Yi Yeh & Zahed Hossain & Edward Knightly & Josep Miquel Jornet & Daniel M. Mittleman, 2018. "Security and eavesdropping in terahertz wireless links," Nature, Nature, vol. 563(7729), pages 89-93, November.
    3. Dominik Peller & Lukas Z. Kastner & Thomas Buchner & Carmen Roelcke & Florian Albrecht & Nikolaj Moll & Rupert Huber & Jascha Repp, 2020. "Sub-cycle atomic-scale forces coherently control a single-molecule switch," Nature, Nature, vol. 585(7823), pages 58-62, September.
    4. S. E. Ammerman & V. Jelic & Y. Wei & V. N. Breslin & M. Hassan & N. Everett & S. Lee & Q. Sun & C. A. Pignedoli & P. Ruffieux & R. Fasel & T. L. Cocker, 2021. "Lightwave-driven scanning tunnelling spectroscopy of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Muhammed Veli & Deniz Mengu & Nezih T. Yardimci & Yi Luo & Jingxi Li & Yair Rivenson & Mona Jarrahi & Aydogan Ozcan, 2021. "Terahertz pulse shaping using diffractive surfaces," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
    6. Spencer W. Jolly & Nicholas H. Matlis & Frederike Ahr & Vincent Leroux & Timo Eichner & Anne-Laure Calendron & Hideki Ishizuki & Takunori Taira & Franz X. Kärtner & Andreas R. Maier, 2019. "Spectral phase control of interfering chirped pulses for high-energy narrowband terahertz generation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.
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