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Rapid sensing of hidden objects and defects using a single-pixel diffractive terahertz sensor

Author

Listed:
  • Jingxi Li

    (University of California
    University of California
    University of California)

  • Xurong Li

    (University of California
    University of California)

  • Nezih T. Yardimci

    (University of California
    University of California)

  • Jingtian Hu

    (University of California
    University of California
    University of California)

  • Yuhang Li

    (University of California
    University of California
    University of California)

  • Junjie Chen

    (University of California)

  • Yi-Chun Hung

    (University of California)

  • Mona Jarrahi

    (University of California
    University of California)

  • Aydogan Ozcan

    (University of California
    University of California
    University of California)

Abstract

Terahertz waves offer advantages for nondestructive detection of hidden objects/defects in materials, as they can penetrate most optically-opaque materials. However, existing terahertz inspection systems face throughput and accuracy restrictions due to their limited imaging speed and resolution. Furthermore, machine-vision-based systems using large-pixel-count imaging encounter bottlenecks due to their data storage, transmission and processing requirements. Here, we report a diffractive sensor that rapidly detects hidden defects/objects within a 3D sample using a single-pixel terahertz detector, eliminating sample scanning or image formation/processing. Leveraging deep-learning-optimized diffractive layers, this diffractive sensor can all-optically probe the 3D structural information of samples by outputting a spectrum, directly indicating the presence/absence of hidden structures or defects. We experimentally validated this framework using a single-pixel terahertz time-domain spectroscopy set-up and 3D-printed diffractive layers, successfully detecting unknown hidden defects inside silicon samples. This technique is valuable for applications including security screening, biomedical sensing and industrial quality control.

Suggested Citation

  • Jingxi Li & Xurong Li & Nezih T. Yardimci & Jingtian Hu & Yuhang Li & Junjie Chen & Yi-Chun Hung & Mona Jarrahi & Aydogan Ozcan, 2023. "Rapid sensing of hidden objects and defects using a single-pixel diffractive terahertz sensor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-42554-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42554-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammed Veli & Deniz Mengu & Nezih T. Yardimci & Yi Luo & Jingxi Li & Yair Rivenson & Mona Jarrahi & Aydogan Ozcan, 2021. "Terahertz pulse shaping using diffractive surfaces," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
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