IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v13y2022i1d10.1038_s41467-022-34104-z.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Giant ferroelectric polarization in a bilayer graphene heterostructure

Author

Listed:
  • Ruirui Niu

    (Peking University)

  • Zhuoxian Li

    (Peking University)

  • Xiangyan Han

    (Peking University)

  • Zhuangzhuang Qu

    (Peking University)

  • Dongdong Ding

    (Peking University)

  • Zhiyu Wang

    (Peking University)

  • Qianling Liu

    (Peking University)

  • Tianyao Liu

    (Peking University)

  • Chunrui Han

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Kenji Watanabe

    (National Institute for Materials Science)

  • Takashi Taniguchi

    (National Institute for Materials Science)

  • Menghao Wu

    (Huazhong University of Science and Technology)

  • Qi Ren

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Xueyun Wang

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Jiawang Hong

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Jinhai Mao

    (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Zheng Han

    (Shanxi University
    Shanxi University)

  • Kaihui Liu

    (Peking University)

  • Zizhao Gan

    (Peking University)

  • Jianming Lu

    (Peking University)

Abstract

At the interface of van der Waals heterostructures, the crystal symmetry and the electronic structure can be reconstructed, giving rise to physical properties superior to or absent in parent materials. Here by studying a Bernal bilayer graphene moiré superlattice encapsulated by 30°-twisted boron nitride flakes, we report an unprecedented ferroelectric polarization with the areal charge density up to 1013 cm−2, which is far beyond the capacity of a moiré band. The translated polarization ~5 pC m−1 is among the highest interfacial ferroelectrics engineered by artificially stacking van der Waals crystals. The gate-specific ferroelectricity and co-occurring anomalous screening are further visualized via Landau levels, and remain robust for Fermi surfaces outside moiré bands, confirming their independence on correlated electrons. We also find that the gate-specific resistance hysteresis loops could be turned off by the other gate, providing an additional control knob. Furthermore, the ferroelectric switching can be applied to intrinsic properties such as topological valley current. Overall, the gate-specific ferroelectricity with strongly enhanced charge polarization may encourage more explorations to optimize and enrich this novel class of ferroelectricity, and promote device applications for ferroelectric switching of various quantum phenomena.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruirui Niu & Zhuoxian Li & Xiangyan Han & Zhuangzhuang Qu & Dongdong Ding & Zhiyu Wang & Qianling Liu & Tianyao Liu & Chunrui Han & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Menghao Wu & Qi Ren & Xueyun Wa, 2022. "Giant ferroelectric polarization in a bilayer graphene heterostructure," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-34104-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34104-z
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-34104-z
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-022-34104-z?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shuoguo Yuan & Xin Luo & Hung Lit Chan & Chengcheng Xiao & Yawei Dai & Maohai Xie & Jianhua Hao, 2019. "Room-temperature ferroelectricity in MoTe2 down to the atomic monolayer limit," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-6, December.
    2. Xingan Jiang & Xueyun Wang & Xiaolei Wang & Xiangping Zhang & Ruirui Niu & Jianming Deng & Sheng Xu & Yingzhuo Lun & Yanyu Liu & Tianlong Xia & Jianming Lu & Jiawang Hong, 2022. "Manipulation of current rectification in van der Waals ferroionic CuInP2S6," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Zhiren Zheng & Qiong Ma & Zhen Bi & Sergio Barrera & Ming-Hao Liu & Nannan Mao & Yang Zhang & Natasha Kiper & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Jing Kong & William A. Tisdale & Ray Ashoori & Nuh Ge, 2020. "Unconventional ferroelectricity in moiré heterostructures," Nature, Nature, vol. 588(7836), pages 71-76, December.
    4. C. R. Woods & P. Ares & H. Nevison-Andrews & M. J. Holwill & R. Fabregas & F. Guinea & A. K. Geim & K. S. Novoselov & N. R. Walet & L. Fumagalli, 2021. "Charge-polarized interfacial superlattices in marginally twisted hexagonal boron nitride," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. Cheng Gong & Eun Mi Kim & Yuan Wang & Geunsik Lee & Xiang Zhang, 2019. "Multiferroicity in atomic van der Waals heterostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-6, December.
    6. Sergio C. Barrera & Qingrui Cao & Yang Gao & Yuan Gao & Vineetha S. Bheemarasetty & Jiaqiang Yan & David G. Mandrus & Wenguang Zhu & Di Xiao & Benjamin M. Hunt, 2021. "Direct measurement of ferroelectric polarization in a tunable semimetal," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. Zaiyao Fei & Wenjin Zhao & Tauno A. Palomaki & Bosong Sun & Moira K. Miller & Zhiying Zhao & Jiaqiang Yan & Xiaodong Xu & David H. Cobden, 2018. "Ferroelectric switching of a two-dimensional metal," Nature, Nature, vol. 560(7718), pages 336-339, August.
    8. Naoki Higashitarumizu & Hayami Kawamoto & Chien-Ju Lee & Bo-Han Lin & Fu-Hsien Chu & Itsuki Yonemori & Tomonori Nishimura & Katsunori Wakabayashi & Wen-Hao Chang & Kosuke Nagashio, 2020. "Purely in-plane ferroelectricity in monolayer SnS at room temperature," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-9, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shuai Zhang & Yang Liu & Zhiyuan Sun & Xinzhong Chen & Baichang Li & S. L. Moore & Song Liu & Zhiying Wang & S. E. Rossi & Ran Jing & Jordan Fonseca & Birui Yang & Yinming Shao & Chun-Ying Huang & Tak, 2023. "Visualizing moiré ferroelectricity via plasmons and nano-photocurrent in graphene/twisted-WSe2 structures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yue Niu & Lei Li & Zhiying Qi & Hein Htet Aung & Xinyi Han & Reshef Tenne & Yugui Yao & Alla Zak & Yao Guo, 2023. "0D van der Waals interfacial ferroelectricity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Yunze Gao & Astrid Weston & Vladimir Enaldiev & Xiao Li & Wendong Wang & James E. Nunn & Isaac Soltero & Eli G. Castanon & Amy Carl & Hugo Latour & Alex Summerfield & Matthew Hamer & James Howarth & N, 2024. "Tunnel junctions based on interfacial two dimensional ferroelectrics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Shuai Zhang & Yang Liu & Zhiyuan Sun & Xinzhong Chen & Baichang Li & S. L. Moore & Song Liu & Zhiying Wang & S. E. Rossi & Ran Jing & Jordan Fonseca & Birui Yang & Yinming Shao & Chun-Ying Huang & Tak, 2023. "Visualizing moiré ferroelectricity via plasmons and nano-photocurrent in graphene/twisted-WSe2 structures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    4. Ming Lv & Jiulong Wang & Ming Tian & Neng Wan & Wenyi Tong & Chungang Duan & Jiamin Xue, 2024. "Multiresistance states in ferro- and antiferroelectric trilayer boron nitride," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. Wenhui Li & Xuanlin Zhang & Jia Yang & Song Zhou & Chuangye Song & Peng Cheng & Yi-Qi Zhang & Baojie Feng & Zhenxing Wang & Yunhao Lu & Kehui Wu & Lan Chen, 2023. "Emergence of ferroelectricity in a nonferroelectric monolayer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    6. Fengrui Sui & Min Jin & Yuanyuan Zhang & Ruijuan Qi & Yu-Ning Wu & Rong Huang & Fangyu Yue & Junhao Chu, 2023. "Sliding ferroelectricity in van der Waals layered γ-InSe semiconductor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    7. Ruofan Du & Yuzhu Wang & Mo Cheng & Peng Wang & Hui Li & Wang Feng & Luying Song & Jianping Shi & Jun He, 2022. "Two-dimensional multiferroic material of metallic p-doped SnSe," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    8. Daniel Bennett & Gaurav Chaudhary & Robert-Jan Slager & Eric Bousquet & Philippe Ghosez, 2023. "Polar meron-antimeron networks in strained and twisted bilayers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    9. Zhenyu Sun & Yueqi Su & Aomiao Zhi & Zhicheng Gao & Xu Han & Kang Wu & Lihong Bao & Yuan Huang & Youguo Shi & Xuedong Bai & Peng Cheng & Lan Chen & Kehui Wu & Xuezeng Tian & Changzheng Wu & Baojie Fen, 2024. "Evidence for multiferroicity in single-layer CuCrSe2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    10. Yan Sun & Shuting Xu & Zheqi Xu & Jiamin Tian & Mengmeng Bai & Zhiying Qi & Yue Niu & Hein Htet Aung & Xiaolu Xiong & Junfeng Han & Cuicui Lu & Jianbo Yin & Sheng Wang & Qing Chen & Reshef Tenne & All, 2022. "Mesoscopic sliding ferroelectricity enabled photovoltaic random access memory for material-level artificial vision system," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    11. Peng Meng & Yaze Wu & Renji Bian & Er Pan & Biao Dong & Xiaoxu Zhao & Jiangang Chen & Lishu Wu & Yuqi Sun & Qundong Fu & Qing Liu & Dong Shi & Qi Zhang & Yong-Wei Zhang & Zheng Liu & Fucai Liu, 2022. "Sliding induced multiple polarization states in two-dimensional ferroelectrics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    12. Mengjiao Han & Cong Wang & Kangdi Niu & Qishuo Yang & Chuanshou Wang & Xi Zhang & Junfeng Dai & Yujia Wang & Xiuliang Ma & Junling Wang & Lixing Kang & Wei Ji & Junhao Lin, 2022. "Continuously tunable ferroelectric domain width down to the single-atomic limit in bismuth tellurite," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    13. Yi Hu & Lukas Rogée & Weizhen Wang & Lyuchao Zhuang & Fangyi Shi & Hui Dong & Songhua Cai & Beng Kang Tay & Shu Ping Lau, 2023. "Extendable piezo/ferroelectricity in nonstoichiometric 2D transition metal dichalcogenides," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    14. Sahar Pakdel & Asbjørn Rasmussen & Alireza Taghizadeh & Mads Kruse & Thomas Olsen & Kristian S. Thygesen, 2024. "High-throughput computational stacking reveals emergent properties in natural van der Waals bilayers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    15. Jinlei Zhang & Jiayong Zhang & Yaping Qi & Shuainan Gong & Hang Xu & Zhenqi Liu & Ran Zhang & Mohammad A. Sadi & Demid Sychev & Run Zhao & Hongbin Yang & Zhenping Wu & Dapeng Cui & Lin Wang & Chunlan , 2024. "Room-temperature ferroelectric, piezoelectric and resistive switching behaviors of single-element Te nanowires," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    16. Dongyang Yang & Jing Liang & Jingda Wu & Yunhuan Xiao & Jerry I. Dadap & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Ziliang Ye, 2024. "Non-volatile electrical polarization switching via domain wall release in 3R-MoS2 bilayer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    17. Weng Fu Io & Sin -Yi Pang & Lok Wing Wong & Yuqian Zhao & Ran Ding & Jianfeng Mao & Yifei Zhao & Feng Guo & Shuoguo Yuan & Jiong Zhao & Jiabao Yi & Jianhua Hao, 2023. "Direct observation of intrinsic room-temperature ferroelectricity in 2D layered CuCrP2S6," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    18. Hongwei Wang & Anshuman Kumar & Siyuan Dai & Xiao Lin & Zubin Jacob & Sang-Hyun Oh & Vinod Menon & Evgenii Narimanov & Young Duck Kim & Jian-Ping Wang & Phaedon Avouris & Luis Martin Moreno & Joshua C, 2024. "Planar hyperbolic polaritons in 2D van der Waals materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    19. Hao Chen & Arpit Arora & Justin C. W. Song & Kian Ping Loh, 2023. "Gate-tunable anomalous Hall effect in Bernal tetralayer graphene," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-6, December.
    20. Zihan Liang & Xin Zhou & Le Zhang & Xiang-Long Yu & Yan Lv & Xuefen Song & Yongheng Zhou & Han Wang & Shuo Wang & Taihong Wang & Perry Ping Shum & Qian He & Yanjun Liu & Chao Zhu & Lin Wang & Xiaolong, 2023. "Strong bulk photovoltaic effect in engineered edge-embedded van der Waals structures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-34104-z. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.