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Projections of faster onset and slower decay of El Niño in the 21st century

Author

Listed:
  • Hosmay Lopez

    (Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA)

  • Sang-Ki Lee

    (Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA)

  • Dongmin Kim

    (Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA
    University of Miami)

  • Andrew T. Wittenberg

    (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, NOAA)

  • Sang-Wook Yeh

    (Hanyang University)

Abstract

Future changes in the seasonal evolution of the El Niño—Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during its onset and decay phases have received little attention by the research community. This work investigates the projected changes in the spatio-temporal evolution of El Niño events in the 21st Century (21 C), using a multi-model ensemble of coupled general circulation models subjected to anthropogenic forcing. Here we show that El Niño is projected to (1) grow at a faster rate, (2) persist longer over the eastern and far eastern Pacific, and (3) have stronger and distinct remote impacts via teleconnections. These changes are attributable to significant changes in the tropical Pacific mean state, dominant ENSO feedback processes, and an increase in stochastic westerly wind burst forcing in the western equatorial Pacific, and may lead to more significant and persistent global impacts of El Niño in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Hosmay Lopez & Sang-Ki Lee & Dongmin Kim & Andrew T. Wittenberg & Sang-Wook Yeh, 2022. "Projections of faster onset and slower decay of El Niño in the 21st century," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-29519-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29519-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Omid Alizadeh, 2022. "Amplitude, duration, variability, and seasonal frequency analysis of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 174(3), pages 1-15, October.

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