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Greenhouse Gas Emission Dynamics of Saudi Arabia: Potential of Hydrogen Fuel for Emission Footprint Reduction

Author

Listed:
  • Adeola Akinpelu

    (Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Md Shafiul Alam

    (Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Md Shafiullah

    (Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Syed Masiur Rahman

    (Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Fahad Saleh Al-Ismail

    (Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
    Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
    Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The growth of population, gross domestic product (GDP), and urbanization have led to an increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The leading GHG-emitting sectors are electricity generation, road transportation, cement, chemicals, refinery, iron, and steel. However, the KSA is working to lead the global energy sustainability campaign to reach net zero GHG emissions by 2060. In addition, the country is working to establish a framework for the circular carbon economy (CCE), in which hydrogen acts as a transversal facilitator. To cut down on greenhouse gas emissions, the Kingdom is also building several facilities, such as the NEOM green hydrogen project. The main objective of the article is to critically review the current GHG emission dynamics of the KSA, including major GHG emission driving forces and prominent emission sectors. Then, the role of hydrogen in GHG emission reduction will be explored. Finally, the researchers and decision makers will find the helpful discussions and recommendations in deciding on appropriate mitigation measures and technologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Adeola Akinpelu & Md Shafiul Alam & Md Shafiullah & Syed Masiur Rahman & Fahad Saleh Al-Ismail, 2023. "Greenhouse Gas Emission Dynamics of Saudi Arabia: Potential of Hydrogen Fuel for Emission Footprint Reduction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5639-:d:1105388
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mana Abusaq & Mohamed A. Zohdy, 2024. "Optimizing Renewable Energy Integration through Innovative Hybrid Microgrid Design: A Case Study of Najran Secondary Industrial Institute in Saudi Arabia," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Xu Liang & Huifang Kang & Rui Zeng & Yue Pang & Yun Yang & Yunlu Qiu & Yuanxu Tao & Jun Shen, 2024. "Impact of the Structural Parameters on the Performance of a Regenerative-Type Hydrogen Recirculation Blower for Vehicular Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-28, February.
    3. Amjad Ali, 2023. "Transforming Saudi Arabia’s Energy Landscape towards a Sustainable Future: Progress of Solar Photovoltaic Energy Deployment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-21, May.
    4. Abdullah Al Shammre, 2024. "Investigating the Impact of Energy Consumption and Economic Activities on CO 2 Emissions from Transport in Saudi Arabia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-12, September.

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