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Long-Term Forecast of Sierra Leone’s Energy Supply and Demand (2019–2040): A LEAP Model Application for Sustainable Power Generation System

Author

Listed:
  • Foday Conteh

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan)

  • Masahiro Furukakoi

    (National Institute of Technology, Sasebo College, Sasebo 857-1193, Japan)

  • Shriram Srinivasarangan Rangarajan

    (Enerzinx India Private Limited, Velankani Tech Park, No. 43, 3rd Floor South Wing, Block 1, Hosur Rd, 6 Suryanagar Phase I, Electronic City, Bengaluru Karnataka 560100, India
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA)

  • Edward Randolph Collins

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
    College of Engineering, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA)

  • Michael A. Conteh

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone, Mount Aureol, Freetown P.O. Box 87, Sierra Leone)

  • Ahmed Rashwan

    (Electrical Networks Department, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Sahary City, Aswan P.O. Box 81528, Egypt)

  • Tomonobu Senjyu

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan)

Abstract

Sierra Leone is suffering from a persistent electricity gap that has crippled its economic growth and prevented it from attaining several health and education development goals. This persistent electricity gap has generated significant interest in tackling the country’s long-lasting energy deficiency. Providing electricity in a reliable, sustainable, and cost-effective manner in Sierra Leone requires adopting robust integrated energy planning and appropriate technologies. Despite various interventions by the government, a balance between electricity demand and supply has yet to be achieved. Using the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP), this work assesses Sierra Leone’s energy supply and demand for 2019–2040. We developed three case scenarios (Base, Middle, and High) based on forecasted demand, resource potential, techno-economic parameters, and CO 2 emissions. The Base case considers the electricity sector as business as usual, the Middle case examines the electricity sector reform roadmap and the prospect of integrating renewable energy into the power system, and the High case examines the sustainable development of the power generation system considering the electricity sector roadmap. As part of this study, we analyze potential alternatives to conventional electricity generation systems aimed at providing electricity in a sustainable, reliable, and affordable manner, including the use of renewable energy sources and technologies with less CO 2 emissions. Model results estimate an increase in electricity demand of 1812.5 GWh, 1936 GWh, and 2635.8 GWh for Base, Middle, and High cases respectively. Also, there is a reduction in production, fuel cost, and CO 2 emission in the High case to the Base case by 67.15%, 35.79%, and 51.8%, respectively. This paper concludes with recommendations devised from the study results for the power system of Sierra Leone.

Suggested Citation

  • Foday Conteh & Masahiro Furukakoi & Shriram Srinivasarangan Rangarajan & Edward Randolph Collins & Michael A. Conteh & Ahmed Rashwan & Tomonobu Senjyu, 2023. "Long-Term Forecast of Sierra Leone’s Energy Supply and Demand (2019–2040): A LEAP Model Application for Sustainable Power Generation System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-27, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:15:p:11838-:d:1208398
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Emodi, Nnaemeka Vincent & Emodi, Chinenye Comfort & Murthy, Girish Panchakshara & Emodi, Adaeze Saratu Augusta, 2017. "Energy policy for low carbon development in Nigeria: A LEAP model application," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 247-261.
    2. Nieves, J.A. & Aristizábal, A.J. & Dyner, I. & Báez, O. & Ospina, D.H., 2019. "Energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions analysis in Colombia: A LEAP model application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 380-397.
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