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Evaluation of Waste Bottle Crates in the Form of Pyro-Oil and Fine Granules as Bitumen Rejuvenators and Modifiers

Author

Listed:
  • Saleh A. AL-Taheri

    (Highway and Airport Engineering Laboratory, Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

  • Ahmed M. Awed

    (Highway and Airport Engineering Laboratory, Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

  • Alaa R. Gabr

    (Highway and Airport Engineering Laboratory, Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

  • Sherif M. El-Badawy

    (Highway and Airport Engineering Laboratory, Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

Abstract

This research study aims to investigate the feasibility of incorporating high-density polyethylene waste (HDPEW) into bitumen applications. Two conventional conditions of bitumen, namely, aged bitumen (AB) and virgin bitumen (VB), are rejuvenated and modified, respectively, using post-consumer HDPEW sourced out of bottle crates. The outcome (Pyro oil, PO-HDPEW) of the pyrolysis thermochemical process is used by 10, 20, and 30% to rejuvenate AB, while the fine-ground granules (FG) (FG-HDPEW) are used by 2, 3, 4, and 5% to modify the VB with different percentages. Physical and rheological characterization testing, including penetration, softening point temperature, and rotational viscosity (RV), is conducted to evaluate the performance of the HDPEW-rejuvenated and -modified binders and optimize both rejuvenator and modifier percentages. In addition, physical and chemical tests, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are conducted to analyze the composition, distribution of surface contaminants, and the molecular structure of the bitumen, based on their respective wavelengths. Moreover, advanced mechanical and rheological tests, including dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR), and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) tests, are conducted to investigate the susceptibility of the rejuvenated and modified bitumen with HDPEW to rutting and fatigue cracking. The testing results demonstrate that the addition of PO-HDPEW to AB and FG-HDPEW modification of VB can enhance the physical, chemical, mechanical, and rheological properties of bitumen; however, this study recommends further research on the aging performance of the PO-HDPEW-rejuvenated bitumen. This research provides insights into using HDPEW as a cost-effective and eco-friendly rejuvenator and modifier on bitumen properties, which can aid in the longevity and performance of pavements.

Suggested Citation

  • Saleh A. AL-Taheri & Ahmed M. Awed & Alaa R. Gabr & Sherif M. El-Badawy, 2023. "Evaluation of Waste Bottle Crates in the Form of Pyro-Oil and Fine Granules as Bitumen Rejuvenators and Modifiers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-25, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:14:p:10918-:d:1192259
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Butler, Eoin & Devlin, Ger & Meier, Dietrich & McDonnell, Kevin, 2011. "A review of recent laboratory research and commercial developments in fast pyrolysis and upgrading," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 4171-4186.
    2. Luzana Brasileiro & Fernando Moreno-Navarro & Raúl Tauste-Martínez & Jose Matos & Maria del Carmen Rubio-Gámez, 2019. "Reclaimed Polymers as Asphalt Binder Modifiers for More Sustainable Roads: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, January.
    3. Sultan Majed Al-Salem & Yang Yang & Jiawei Wang & Gary Anthony Leeke, 2020. "Pyro-Oil and Wax Recovery from Reclaimed Plastic Waste in a Continuous Auger Pyrolysis Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-10, April.
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