IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i2p806-d480957.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Does VR Tourism Enhance Users’ Experience?

Author

Listed:
  • Won-jun Lee

    (Business Department, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea)

  • Yong Hee Kim

    (Department of Tourism Management, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea)

Abstract

The importance of non-face-to-face tourism is growing due to the impact of COVID-19, and VR (virtual reality) is attracting attention as a solution to this need. This research investigates the antecedents of utilitarian and hedonic values based on the experience of VR tourism and identifies the relations between values and user visit intention. We performed an empirical study with data collected from 207 respondents from major VR online user communities. The results of the research show the antecedents of utilitarian value to be information access, flow, and interactivity; whereas the antecedents of hedonic value are flow, interactivity, and telepresence. Utilitarian and hedonic values both positively affect user visit intention. The results also show group differences in the relationship between research variables according to the personal degree of extraversion. These results provide key understandings to enable the adoption of the VR technology in tourism.

Suggested Citation

  • Won-jun Lee & Yong Hee Kim, 2021. "Does VR Tourism Enhance Users’ Experience?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:806-:d:480957
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/2/806/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/2/806/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sarah Hudson & Sheila Matson-Barkat & Nico Pallamin & Guillaume Jégou, 2019. "With or without you? Interaction and immersion in a virtual reality experience," Post-Print hal-02159315, HAL.
    2. Hudson, Sarah & Matson-Barkat, Sheila & Pallamin, Nico & Jegou, Guillaume, 2019. "With or without you? Interaction and immersion in a virtual reality experience," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 459-468.
    3. Anderson, Kelley C. & Knight, Dee K. & Pookulangara, Sanjukta & Josiam, Bharath, 2014. "Influence of hedonic and utilitarian motivations on retailer loyalty and purchase intention: a facebook perspective," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 773-779.
    4. Moorthy, Sridhar & Ratchford, Brian T & Talukdar, Debabrata, 1997. "Consumer Information Search Revisited: Theory and Empirical Analysis," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 23(4), pages 263-277, March.
    5. Babin, Barry J & Darden, William R & Griffin, Mitch, 1994. "Work and/or Fun: Measuring Hedonic and Utilitarian Shopping Value," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 20(4), pages 644-656, March.
    6. Thomas P. Novak & Donna L. Hoffman & Yiu-Fai Yung, 2000. "Measuring the Customer Experience in Online Environments: A Structural Modeling Approach," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 19(1), pages 22-42, May.
    7. Mano, Haim & Oliver, Richard L, 1993. "Assessing the Dimensionality and Structure of the Consumption Experience: Evaluation, Feeling, and Satisfaction," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 20(3), pages 451-466, December.
    8. Jacoby, Jacob, et al, 1994. "Tracing the Impact of Item-by-Item Information Accessing on Uncertainty Reduction," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 21(2), pages 291-303, September.
    9. Overby, Jeffrey W. & Lee, Eun-Ju, 2006. "The effects of utilitarian and hedonic online shopping value on consumer preference and intentions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 59(10-11), pages 1160-1166, October.
    10. Yoo, Weon-Sang & Lee, Yunjung & Park, JungKun, 2010. "The role of interactivity in e-tailing: Creating value and increasing satisfaction," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 89-96.
    11. Guttentag, Daniel A., 2010. "Virtual reality: Applications and implications for tourism," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 637-651.
    12. Farah, Maya F. & Ramadan, Zahy B. & Harb, Dana H., 2019. "The examination of virtual reality at the intersection of consumer experience, shopping journey and physical retailing," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 136-143.
    13. Gerald Häubl & Valerie Trifts, 2000. "Consumer Decision Making in Online Shopping Environments: The Effects of Interactive Decision Aids," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 19(1), pages 4-21, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Maksim Godovykh & Carissa Baker & Alan Fyall, 2022. "VR in Tourism: A New Call for Virtual Tourism Experience amid and after the COVID-19 Pandemic," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-11, February.
    2. Lili Geng & Yufei Li & Yongji Xue, 2022. "Will the Interest Triggered by Virtual Reality (VR) Turn into Intention to Travel (VR vs. Corporeal)? The Moderating Effects of Customer Segmentation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-20, June.
    3. Jeff Baker & Kichan Nam & Christopher S. Dutt, 2023. "A user experience perspective on heritage tourism in the metaverse: Empirical evidence and design dilemmas for VR," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 265-306, September.
    4. Chunyu Jiang & Seuk Wai Phoong, 2023. "A ten-year review analysis of the impact of digitization on tourism development (2012–2022)," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, December.
    5. María Graciela Badilla-Quintana & Francisco Javier Sandoval-Henríquez, 2021. "Students’ Immersive Experience in Initial Teacher Training in a Virtual World to Promote Sustainable Education: Interactivity, Presence, and Flow," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-15, November.
    6. Maela Madel L. Cahigas & Yogi Tri Prasetyo & James Alexander & Putu Lauterina Sutapa & Shannen Wiratama & Vincent Arvin & Reny Nadlifatin & Satria Fadil Persada, 2022. "Factors Affecting Visiting Behavior to Bali during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Schiopu, Andreea Fortuna & Hornoiu, Remus Ion & Padurean, Ana Mihaela & Nica, Ana-Maria, 2022. "Constrained and virtually traveling? Exploring the effect of travel constraints on intention to use virtual reality in tourism," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    8. Junwei Chen & Xiaohong Wu & Ivan Ka Wai Lai, 2023. "A Systematic Literature Review of Virtual Technology in Hospitality and Tourism (2013–2022)," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(3), pages 21582440231, August.
    9. Dong-Shang Chang & Wei-De Wu, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Industry: Applying TRIZ and DEMATEL to Construct a Decision-Making Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-28, July.
    10. Valentina Ndou & Gioconda Mele & Eglantina Hysa & Otilia Manta, 2022. "Exploiting Technology to Deal with the COVID-19 Challenges in Travel & Tourism: A Bibliometric Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-25, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cowan, Kirsten & Spielmann, Nathalie & Horn, Esther & Griffart, Clovis, 2021. "Perception is reality… How digital retail environments influence brand perceptions through presence," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 86-96.
    2. Wedel, Michel & Bigné, Enrique & Zhang, Jie, 2020. "Virtual and augmented reality: Advancing research in consumer marketing," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 443-465.
    3. repec:dgr:rugsom:04f04 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Stefan Hoffmann & Tom Joerß & Robert Mai & Payam Akbar, 2022. "Augmented reality-delivered product information at the point of sale: when information controllability backfires," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 743-776, July.
    5. Bradley, Gregory T. & LaFleur, Elizabeth K., 2016. "Toward the development of hedonic-utilitarian measures of retail service," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 60-66.
    6. Yuan, Chunlin & Zhang, Chenlei & Wang, Shuman, 2022. "Social anxiety as a moderator in consumer willingness to accept AI assistants based on utilitarian and hedonic values," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    7. Carlson, Jamie & O’Cass, Aron & Ahrholdt, Dennis, 2015. "Assessing customers’ perceived value of the online channel of multichannel retailers: A two country examination," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 90-102.
    8. Han-Shen Chen & Chia-Hsing Liang & Shu-Yi Liao & Hung-Yu Kuo, 2020. "Consumer Attitudes and Purchase Intentions toward Food Delivery Platform Services," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-18, December.
    9. Yoo, Weon-Sang & Lee, Yunjung & Park, JungKun, 2010. "The role of interactivity in e-tailing: Creating value and increasing satisfaction," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 89-96.
    10. Kumar, Vikas & Ayodeji, Ogunmola Gabriel, 2021. "E-retail factors for customer activation and retention: An empirical study from Indian e-commerce customers," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    11. Shuiqing Yang & Xianwu Zeng, 2018. "Sustainability of Government Social Media: A Multi-Analytic Approach to Predict Citizens’ Mobile Government Microblog Continuance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    12. Maroufkhani, Parisa & Asadi, Shahla & Ghobakhloo, Morteza & Jannesari, Milad T. & Ismail, Wan Khairuzaman Wan, 2022. "How do interactive voice assistants build brands' loyalty?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    13. Hsin-Hui Lee & Chia-Hsing Liang & Shu-Yi Liao & Han-Shen Chen, 2019. "Analyzing the Intention of Consumer Purchasing Behaviors in Relation to Internet Memes Using VAB Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-12, October.
    14. Chai, Joe Choon Yean & Malhotra, Naresh K. & Alpert, Frank, 2015. "A two-dimensional model of trust–value–loyalty in service relationships," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 23-31.
    15. Ben Mimoun, Mohammed Slim & Poncin, Ingrid, 2015. "A valued agent: How ECAs affect website customers' satisfaction and behaviors," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 70-82.
    16. Ionica Oncioiu & Iustin Priescu, 2022. "The Use of Virtual Reality in Tourism Destinations as a Tool to Develop Tourist Behavior Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-15, April.
    17. Su-Chang Chen & Kuo Cheng Chung & Ming Yueh Tsai, 2019. "How to Achieve Sustainable Development of Mobile Payment through Customer Satisfaction—The SOR Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-16, November.
    18. Broekhuizen, Thijs L.J. & Jager, Wander, 2004. "A conceptual model of channel choice: measuring online and offline shopping value perceptions," Research Report 04F04, University of Groningen, Research Institute SOM (Systems, Organisations and Management).
    19. El Hedhli, Kamel & Zourrig, Haithem & Chebat, Jean-Charles, 2016. "Shopping well-being: Is it just a matter of pleasure or doing the task? The role of shopper's gender and self-congruity," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 1-13.
    20. Kautish, Pradeep & Paul, Justin & Sharma, Rajesh, 2021. "The effect of assortment and fulfillment on shopping assistance and efficiency: An e-tail servicescape perspective," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    21. María José Viñals & Laura Gilabert-Sansalvador & Anna Sanasaryan & Maria-Dolores Teruel-Serrano & Marino Darés, 2021. "Online Synchronous Model of Interpretive Sustainable Guiding in Heritage Sites: The Avatar Tourist Visit," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:806-:d:480957. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.