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Detecting the Institutional Mediation of Push–Pull Factors on International Students’ Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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  • Dian-Fu Chang

    (Department of Education and Futures Design, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan)

  • Wen-Ching Chou

    (Department of Education and Futures Design, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan)

Abstract

In this study, we designed a structural model to determine the relationships among push–pull factors, institutional situations, and satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. The 17 selected indicators fell under five domains, namely push factors, pull factors, institutional leadership, international strategies, and satisfaction. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to verify the assumptions of the model. Based on 1005 degree-seeking international students’ views, this study found that push and pull factors may coincidentally exist, and their functions can be modified by institutional situations. The findings suggested pull factors will, through institutional leadership, impact students’ satisfaction, while push factors will not. Moreover, the detection of institutional mediation can provide useful information for specific institutes to develop their future recruiting or retaining strategies. These findings enriched our knowledge of the field for higher education sustainable development. For future studies, this design may be useful to interpret the phenomena of global student mobility in higher education settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Dian-Fu Chang & Wen-Ching Chou, 2021. "Detecting the Institutional Mediation of Push–Pull Factors on International Students’ Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:20:p:11405-:d:657276
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wen, Wen & Hu, Die & Hao, Jie, 2018. "International students’ experiences in China: Does the planned reverse mobility work?," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 204-212.
    2. Everett Lee, 1966. "A theory of migration," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 3(1), pages 47-57, March.
    3. Margaret Partlo & Frim Ampaw, 2018. "Using income effects to market undergraduate education abroad participation in higher education," Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(1), pages 66-89, January.
    4. Chang, Dian-Fu & Lin, Ni-Jung, 2018. "Applying CIPO indicators to examine internationalization in higher education institutions in Taiwan," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 20-28.
    5. Stephen Schmidt & Manuel Pardo, 2017. "The Contribution of Study Abroad to Human Capital Formation," The Journal of Higher Education, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 88(1), pages 135-157, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dian-Fu Chang & Kuo-Yin Lee & Chun-Wen Tseng, 2022. "Exploring Structural Relationships in Attracting and Retaining International Students in STEM for Sustainable Development of Higher Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, January.

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