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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Stimulates Young Field-Grown Nectarine Trees

Author

Listed:
  • María R. Conesa

    (Irrigation Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain)

  • Lidia López-Martínez

    (Irrigation Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain)

  • Wenceslao Conejero

    (Irrigation Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain)

  • Juan Vera

    (Irrigation Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain)

  • María Carmen Ruiz-Sánchez

    (Irrigation Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain)

Abstract

Although mycorrhizae applications have been widely used to improve the establishment and growth of agricultural crops, there have been no studies on their application in field-grown nectarine trees. In this work, a commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF; Glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum ) was applied by means of fertigation to inoculate young “Flariba” nectarine trees grown in south-eastern Spain to evaluate its effect on plant water status, and vegetative and reproductive growth. Using minirhizotrons to measure the root dynamics over a complete growing season, revealed that AMF substantially increased root growth (51% increase compared with untreated trees), while no changes in plant water status or canopy development were noted. The productive response improved in inoculated trees, as demonstrated by a significantly higher yield, fruit size, number of fruits per tree and greater crop load efficiency values than in untreated trees. Given that the same amount of irrigation solution was applied in both treatments, the irrigation water use efficiency increased by 19.5% in AMF compared with untreated trees. The findings of this study suggest that a simple inoculation of AMF can be considered a good practice in semi-arid agro-systems to firmly establish efficient young nectarine trees and enhance their adaptation to field conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • María R. Conesa & Lidia López-Martínez & Wenceslao Conejero & Juan Vera & María Carmen Ruiz-Sánchez, 2021. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Stimulates Young Field-Grown Nectarine Trees," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:8804-:d:609718
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abrisqueta, I. & Abrisqueta, J.M. & Tapia, L.M. & Munguía, J.P. & Conejero, W. & Vera, J. & Ruiz-Sánchez, M.C., 2013. "Basal crop coefficients for early-season peach trees," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 158-163.
    2. Conesa, María R. & Conejero, Wenceslao & Vera, Juan & Agulló, Vicente & García-Viguera, Cristina & Ruiz-Sánchez, M. Carmen, 2021. "Irrigation management practices in nectarine fruit quality at harvest and after cold storage," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    3. Abrisqueta, J.M. & Mounzer, O. & Álvarez, S. & Conejero, W. & Garci­a-Orellana, Y. & Tapia, L.M. & Vera, J. & Abrisqueta, I. & Ruiz-Sánchez, M.C., 2008. "Root dynamics of peach trees submitted to partial rootzone drying and continuous deficit irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(8), pages 959-967, August.
    4. María R. Conesa & Pedro J. Espinosa & Diego Pallarés & Alejandro Pérez-Pastor, 2020. "Influence of Plant Biostimulant as Technique to Harden Citrus Nursery Plants before Transplanting to the Field," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-14, July.
    5. Angela Hodge & Colin D. Campbell & Alastair H. Fitter, 2001. "An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus accelerates decomposition and acquires nitrogen directly from organic material," Nature, Nature, vol. 413(6853), pages 297-299, September.
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